거란어의 중국어 차용 현상에 관한 소고 ― 거란소자를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper is on the contemplation of the derivation of the Khitan language from Chinese through the study of Khitan small scripts. For this we have studied the Khitan language and its scripts and analyzed the derivation of the Khitan small scripts from Chinese from a linguistic perspective in depth. The derivation of the Khitan small scripts from Chinese can be divided into borrowing the phoneme and borrowing the phoneme and the meaning. A monoatomic Khitan small script borrowed the phoneme of the Chinese consonants and vowels and polyatomic Khitan small script borrowed the phoneme in syllables. Also, we can see that the Khitan small scripts didn’t just simply borrow the phonetic values of Chinese, but that they borrowed the syllabic system of Chinese. When we look at a word made up of Khitan small scripts, there are many cases where it borrowed the phoneme and meaning of the Chinese word as it is. However, in the case of ‘ ‘, it borrowed the phoneme of the chinese word ‘牌子’ but has a different meaning. ‘牌子’ is a word that is still used in modern Chinese. Finally, we shortly discussed the relation of origins between ‘ancient Chinese – Khitan language- modern Mongolian language’. The study of Khitan small scripts synchronically helps the study of the linguistic-cultural relation of exchange between China and Khitan, and diachronically can play the role of discovering the relation of origins between ‘ancient Chinese – Khitan language- modern Chinese’ and ‘ancient Chinese – Khitan language- modern Mongolian language’. We wish that there will be more study of Khitan small scripts actively done in the future so that we can further understand the synchronic, diachronic linguistic-cultural relations of exchanges between many countries.