미·중 전략경쟁과 탄소중립: 협력 혹은 갈등?
The U.S.-China Strategic Competition and Carbon Neutrality: Cooperation or Conflicts?
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초록
본 연구는 미·중 전략경쟁 시대에 탄소중립이 갖는 의미를 고찰하고 있다. 먼저 탄소중립의 국제정치경제적 의미와 탄소중립이 국제질서에 미치는 영향을 검토한다. 다음으로 미·중 전략경쟁의 관점에서 중국의 부상과 이에 대한 미국의 위협 인식, 탄소중립을 둘러싼 미·중 양국의 협력 가능성을 논한다. 마지막으로 결론에서는 탄소중립을 둘러싼 정치·경제적 변화가 미·중 관계에 새로운 불안정 요소로 작동함으로써 국제관계에 새로운 변수로 작용할 것이라고 전망하고, 향후 국제 관계의 추세적 경향을 제시함과 동시에 탄소중립 달성을 위한 초국적 협력의 필요성을 강조하고 있다.
Abstract
This study aims to review the meaning of carbon neutrality in the era of the US-China strategic competition. First, the authors try to find the meaning of carbon neutrality concerning the international political economy and its influence on the international order. Through this, the authors argue that China has tried to stand as a global leader by executing carbon neutrality policies, including transforming the energy and industrial structure. The authors assume China takes advantage of carbon neutrality policies to realize its strategic aims. Based on this assumption, this study reviews the US viewpoints on carbon neutrality and China based on strategic competition, explores its influence on the U.S.-China relationship, and checks the possibility of conflicts and cooperation between the two countries.
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