인도네시아 파푸아 천연자원 개발의 주체인 다국적기업의 사례: 프리포트 인도네시아를 중심으로
A Case of Multinational Corporation, the Main Company of Natural Resource Development in Papua, Indonesia: Focusing on Freeport Indonesia
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It has been a fact that the Freeport Indonesia Company has been playing a positive role in the industry through its involvement in the gold and copper mine sector. However, the actions also result in serious environmental destructions and pollution to the local society. Besides focusing on the environmental problems, human rights, and the conflicts arise among the local community, this thesis also analyses the important factors that contribute to the positive development of Papua. Through the export of mineral resources, royalty and tax, Freeport contributes plenty in the economy of the country and the province. Freeport improves the adverse effects, focusing on the development and the welfare of the local community, Environmental friendly management, understanding of the local traditional practices by the local community. Through these, Freeport continues to develop and practice a diverse ways of policies for the people living within the mining area and its society. On the other hand Freeport is running the Controlled Riverine Tailings Management program (or SIRSAT), reclamation and re-vegetation program, environmental management program, waste and energy management program, biodiversity conservation program, local people employment, local education support program, hospital construction and medical support, health and safety program, human rights education, programs for local economic independence etc. It shows that Freeport is concentrating on the living of the local society through its way of management. However, there are still problems to be solved. The mining area has been decreased according to the contract and the loyalty has been increased. The current president Joko Widodo is addressing this issue with the raise of the percentage of shareholding and the extend of the contract on the smelting factory. As such, not only the issue of shareholding and the smelting factory is addressed, however, the extention of the contract, local environment problem and land compensation are involved as well with the land compensation issue being the most sensitive matter. It is anticipated that if the problem of land compensation and the extention of contract are solved prior to any other issue and obtain the cooperation from the local community, Freeport can be a valuable contributor to the development of Papua.
Abstract
It has been a fact that the Freeport Indonesia Company has been playing a positive role in the industry through its involvement in the gold and copper mine sector. However, the actions also result in serious environmental destructions and pollution to the local society. Besides focusing on the environmental problems, human rights, and the conflicts arise among the local community, this thesis also analyses the important factors that contribute to the positive development of Papua. Through the export of mineral resources, royalty and tax, Freeport contributes plenty in the economy of the country and the province. Freeport improves the adverse effects, focusing on the development and the welfare of the local community, Environmental friendly management, understanding of the local traditional practices by the local community. Through these, Freeport continues to develop and practice a diverse ways of policies for the people living within the mining area and its society. On the other hand Freeport is running the Controlled Riverine Tailings Management program (or SIRSAT), reclamation and re-vegetation program, environmental management program, waste and energy management program, biodiversity conservation program, local people employment, local education support program, hospital construction and medical support, health and safety program, human rights education, programs for local economic independence etc. It shows that Freeport is concentrating on the living of the local society through its way of management. However, there are still problems to be solved. The mining area has been decreased according to the contract and the loyalty has been increased. The current president Joko Widodo is addressing this issue with the raise of the percentage of shareholding and the extend of the contract on the smelting factory. As such, not only the issue of shareholding and the smelting factory is addressed, however, the extention of the contract, local environment problem and land compensation are involved as well with the land compensation issue being the most sensitive matter. It is anticipated that if the problem of land compensation and the extention of contract are solved prior to any other issue and obtain the cooperation from the local community, Freeport can be a valuable contributor to the development of Papua.
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