Bourdieu’s Theory of the Scientific Field and Its Limits Regarding Scientific Validity
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The form and content of knowledge can be varied with different social and historicalconditions and organizations of science. This paper attempts to understand what suchvariation of knowledge implies for the objectivity of knowledge by critically assessingBourdieu’s theory of the scientific field. Bourdieu’s theory of the scientific field stands asa strong candidate for a synthesis of epistemological and political analyses of knowledge. Bourdieu’s notion of ‘relative autonomy’ of the scientific field attempt to find a third waybetween scientific rationalism and sociological relativism by suggesting social mechanismsthat can secure both epistemic and political validity. In addition, Bourdieu’s notion of scientificfield brings an insight into the competitive but hierarchical interrelation between knowledgeproducers. Nonetheless, Bourdieu fails to deal with both the epistemology and politics/ethics of knowledge equally. Bourdieu underplays the politics of knowledge as a resultof his emphasis on the objectivity produced within the autonomous scientific field. WhileBourdieusian scientific field is supposed to be autonomously structured and produce singlescientific and political objectivity, there are more validities than the philosophers and Bourdieu,the ‘sociologist king’ suppose. After examining key concepts in Bourdieu’s theory of thescientific field, this paper will show how Bourdieu fails to vindicate the epistemic and politicalvalidities of the scientific field especially by critiquing his notion of ‘relative autonomy’.
Abstract
The form and content of knowledge can be varied with different social and historicalconditions and organizations of science. This paper attempts to understand what suchvariation of knowledge implies for the objectivity of knowledge by critically assessingBourdieu’s theory of the scientific field. Bourdieu’s theory of the scientific field stands asa strong candidate for a synthesis of epistemological and political analyses of knowledge. Bourdieu’s notion of ‘relative autonomy’ of the scientific field attempt to find a third waybetween scientific rationalism and sociological relativism by suggesting social mechanismsthat can secure both epistemic and political validity. In addition, Bourdieu’s notion of scientificfield brings an insight into the competitive but hierarchical interrelation between knowledgeproducers. Nonetheless, Bourdieu fails to deal with both the epistemology and politics/ethics of knowledge equally. Bourdieu underplays the politics of knowledge as a resultof his emphasis on the objectivity produced within the autonomous scientific field. WhileBourdieusian scientific field is supposed to be autonomously structured and produce singlescientific and political objectivity, there are more validities than the philosophers and Bourdieu,the ‘sociologist king’ suppose. After examining key concepts in Bourdieu’s theory of thescientific field, this paper will show how Bourdieu fails to vindicate the epistemic and politicalvalidities of the scientific field especially by critiquing his notion of ‘relative autonomy’.
참고문헌 (27)
- Althusser, Louis, "Reading Capital" (1970), Verso
- Bachelard, Gaston, "The Formation of the Scientific Mind: A Contribution to a Psychoanalysis of Objective Knowledge" (2002), Clinamen Press
- Bloor, David, "Knowledge and Social Imagery, 2nd Edn" (1991), The University of Chicago Press
- Bourdieu, Pierre, "The Specificity of the Scientific Field and the Social Condition of the Progress of Reason", Social Science Information, 14(6), pp.19~47 (1975)
- Bourdieu, Pierre, "Fourth Lecture. Universal Corporatism: The Role of Intellectuals in the Modern World", Poetics Today, 12(4), pp.655~669 (1991)
- Bourdieu, Pierre, "Science of Science and Reflexivity" (2004), The University of Chicago Press
- Bourdieu, Pierre, "An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology" (1992), The University of Chicago Press
- Campbell, Donald T., "Variation and Selective Retention in Socio-Cultural Evolution", General Systems, 14, pp.69~85 (1969)
- Campbell, Donald T., "A Tribal Model of Social System Vehicle Carrying Scientific Knowledge", pp.489~503 (1988), The University of Chicago Press
- Collins, Harry M., "The Golem: What You Should Know about Science, 2nd edn" (1998), Cambridge University Press
- Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, "Power", pp.1977, Foucault, Michel
- Foucault, Michel, "The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences" (1989), Vintage Books
- Gramsci, Antonio, "Selections from Prison Notebooks" (1971), Lawrence and Wishart
- Hacking, Ian, "Representation and Intervening: Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Natural Science" (1983), Cambridge University Press
- Kim, Dong-Il., "Bourdieu and Latour: A Possibility and Limitation of Bourdieu’s Field Theory and Implication of Latour’s ‘Translation of Interest’ in Social Science", Social Science Studies (Institute of Social Science, Sogang University), 18(2), pp.40~89 (2010)
- Kim, Kyung-Man, "Discourse on Liberation: An Anatomy of Critical Theory" (2005), Paradigm Publishers
- Kim, Kyung-Man, "How Objective is Bourdieu’s Participant Objectivation?", Qualitative Inquiry, 16(9), pp.747~756 (2010)
- "Creature of Habitus: Latour on Bourdieu Pt 1"[URL]
- "Agents → Actors: Latour on Bourdieu Pt 2"[URL]
- Kuhn, Thomas S., "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd Edn" (1970), The University of Chicago Press
- Latour, Bruno, "Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society" (1987), Harvard University Press
- Latour, Bruno, "On Actor-Network Theory: A Few Clarifications", Soziale Welt, (47), pp.369~381 (1996)
- Latour, Bruno, "When Things Strike Back: A Possible Contribution of ‘Science Studies’ to the Social Sciences", British Journal of Sociology, 51(1), pp.107~123 (2000)
- Latour, Bruno, "Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory" (2005), Oxford University Press
- Luhmann, Niklas, "Introduction to Systems Theory" (2013), Polity Press
- Merton, Robert K., "Normative Structure of Science", pp.267~278 (1973), The University of Chicago Press
- Swartz, David, "Culture and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu" (1997), The University of Chicago Press