포토보이스 지식형성 구조에 관한 이해: Nonaka의 지식창조이론(knowledge creation theory) 관점에서
Understanding the Structure of Photovoice Knowledge Formation from the Perspective of Nonaka’s Knowledge Creation Theory
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초록
포토보이스가 국내에 도입된 이후 많은 연구자가 이를 활용하고 있다. 하지만 포토보이스 내 지식형성과정에 대한 논의는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구는 이러한 학문적 한계를 극복하고자 포토보이스에 내재한 지식형성 구조를 해체하고 분석하였다. 먼저 Nonaka의 지식창조이론을 바탕으로 질적 연구방법론 중 하나인 문화기술지를 분석한 후 포토보이스 지식형성 구조를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 포토보이스 지식형성 과정은 구현, 이해, 공론 단계를 거쳤다. 특히 사회변화(옹호)를 궁극적인 목적으로 하는 포토보이스는 기존 질적 연구와 달리 연구자와 참여자가 공동지식을 형성한 후 이를 지역사회로 전파, 확장하는 단계를 포함하고 있었다. 포토보이스가 추구하는 가치와 내재된 원리를 파악함으로써 포토보이스가 올바르고 적절하게 활용될 수 있도록 지침을 제공하는데 본 연구는 기여하고자 하였다.
Abstract
Since 2011, many researchers have been used photovoice as qualitative methodology. But there is inadequate understanding of photovoice-derived knowledge and the nature of its knowledge creation process. Thus, this study aimed to deconstruct the knowledge creation structure of photovoice based on Nonaka’s knowledge creation theory. First, another qualitative research method, ethnography, was compared with photovoice to reveal the latter’s unique characteristics. Then, this study analyzed photovoice’s knowledge creation structure using Nonaka’s theory. This process revealed that the knowledge creation process of photovoice including materialization, understanding, and public discussion. Unlike traditional qualitative research methods, photovoice formed co-created knowledge generated between researchers and participants and included a dissemination stage that supported social advocacy. Beyond describing photovoice’s characteristics as a qualitative research method, this study uncovered photovoice’s intrinsic value and implicit principles. The study findings provide a foundation for development of guidelines for optimal use of photovoice by researchers.
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