The Society of Jesus and Luther’s Reformation: From Controversies to the Quest for Reconciliation
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Clearly the early Jesuits were committed in conscience to defending what seemed to the Catholic Church the only true doctrine. But fortunately, what appears to us today such a bleak picture is only part of the story regarding the early Jesuits’ attitude towards Luther and his sympathizers. The first Jesuits believed that the Reformation’s development was stimulated by Catholics’ sins, and hence that the first step in any remedy consisted in Christians changing their lives and offering credible witness. To this we can add the exemplary witness of the Jesuit Pierre Favre, regarding ways of dealing with Lutherans. We can easily see how, in the context of the 16th century, the Jesuits were led to resist what seemed to them doctrinal errors in Luther and the other Reformers. But the Society of Jesus was not founded simply to counter the Reformation. We need, rather, to insist on the kind of experience to which Ignatius’s Spiritual Exercises bear witness. It is just this spirituality, given how the Church has evolved a more ecumenical approach in recent decades, that can best ground contemporary Jesuit engagement in dialogue with Lutherans – and indeed, more broadly, with other Churches and Christian denominations.
Abstract
Clearly the early Jesuits were committed in conscience to defending what seemed to the Catholic Church the only true doctrine. But fortunately, what appears to us today such a bleak picture is only part of the story regarding the early Jesuits’ attitude towards Luther and his sympathizers. The first Jesuits believed that the Reformation’s development was stimulated by Catholics’ sins, and hence that the first step in any remedy consisted in Christians changing their lives and offering credible witness. To this we can add the exemplary witness of the Jesuit Pierre Favre, regarding ways of dealing with Lutherans. We can easily see how, in the context of the 16th century, the Jesuits were led to resist what seemed to them doctrinal errors in Luther and the other Reformers. But the Society of Jesus was not founded simply to counter the Reformation. We need, rather, to insist on the kind of experience to which Ignatius’s Spiritual Exercises bear witness. It is just this spirituality, given how the Church has evolved a more ecumenical approach in recent decades, that can best ground contemporary Jesuit engagement in dialogue with Lutherans – and indeed, more broadly, with other Churches and Christian denominations.
참고문헌 (7)
- Bertrand, Dominique, "Un portrait" (2007), Lessius
- Fleming, David L., "A Literal Translation and a Contemporary Reading" (1978), Institute of Jesuit Sources
- From Conflict to Communion: Lutheran - Catholic Common Commemoration of the Reformation in 2017 (Report of the Lutheran-Roman Catholic Commission on Unity), , Bonifatius, ~ (2013)
- Martin E. Palmer, "Ignatius of Loyola, Letters and Instructions" (2006), Institute of Jesuit Sources
- O’Malley, John W., "The First Jesuits" (1993), Harvard University Press
- The Jesuits and Ecumenism, "Centrum Ignatianum Spiritualitatis" (1989)
- Martin E. Palmer, "The Spiritual Writings of Pierre Favre: Memoriale and Selected Instructions" (1996), Institute of Jesuit Sources