他人養子にみる中世武家社?の家-「市河文書」を中心に -

Abstract

This text considers the “ie” which is the Japanese original group, a sort of family from the example of the tanin‐yousshi. Tannin‐youshi means adopted son who doesn’t have the kin‐relation with the foster father and mother. We can frequently find the example of tanin‐youshi in Japan but hardly do in the other countries of northern east Asia. In this sense, Japanese one has the special meanings. The case which this text chiefly treated is recorded in 'Ichikawa documents'. It is about the estate steward’s ie at Nakano and Shikumi in Shinano prefecture. This case gives us three points. The fist thing, the relation between the present head and the other members was the education. The second, while the tanin‐youshi can become a member in the ie, parents and child, brothers, and a married couple were occasionally separated to some ies. The third, the tanin‐youshi had not changed their uji(uji means the origin) from the original one to foster parent’s one in the first stage of Kamakura. Those events of these examples lead to a essence of ie, which is the unit of the upbringing and the education by the present master to the other members until they become independent and supports themselves. Then those members of ie did not have to be the present master’s own child.