19세기 건봉사 만일회와 불교사적 의미

Abstract

This study concerns the Manilhoe(萬日會, a ceremony which involves chanting Buddha for ten thousand days), which was held three times in Keonbongsa Temple over the course of 19th century in connection with the 18th century Buddhism and elucidates its historical significance for Buddhism. The people of the late Joseon Dynasty period believed that master Baljing in the Silla Kingdom period held the first Manilhoe in Keonbongsa Temple and there was a story referred to this historical fact. This story must have had the people to choose the temple to hold the Manilhoe in it at the time and the Manilhoe was held in the temple in 1801, 1851, and 1881. It is necessary to consider the Manilhoe in connection with the Three Gates Discipline(三門修學) of the time. The Three Gates Discipline consisted of Gyeongjeolmun(經載門)， Wondonmun(圖頓門)， and Yeombulmun(念佛門). Among these three concepts, Yeombulmun became popularized in the 18th century and it shed new lights on the first Manilhoe held by master Baljing. So it is possible to see that Yeombulmun of the Three Gates Discipline formed the background of the second Manilhoe of 1801 and the third Manilhoe of 1851. However, it seems like that Manhwa-gwanjun(萬化寬俊) who held the fourth Manilhoe in 1881 adopted the idea of the pure land in the mind to chant Buddha(唯心淨土 念佛), not the idea of the western pure land(西方淨土 念佛). Manhwa-gwanjun practiced Zen and doctrinal studies together, thus he was the one who studied the tradition of the Three Gates Discipline. So his Manilhoe was different from the previous Manilhoe in which people chanted Buddha in the western pure land. The Manilhoe of the western pure land became the Manilhoe of the pure land in the mind.