고대 유기질제 갑옷과 철제 판갑의 상관성 연구 - 연해주 아르세니예프 박물관 극동 원주민 갑주와의 비교검토 -

Abstract

Due to the material features, organic helmets and armors cannot remain the same with the passage of time. In order to examine their origin or genealogy, organic helmets and armors which date from earlier times should be restored first. When the excavated helmets and armors are too rare to study, ethnographical or anthropological data will help find out the unique characteristics and manufacturing technology of organic helmets and armors, which allows to study the technological correlation. Also, comparing with the helmet and armor cultures in nearby areas will help further study the rare remains. That is why we introduced and analyzed the armors of ‘Itelmen’, the Far East original inhabitants, that are currently housed in the Arseniev museum, Primorsky, creating the opportunity to restore the structure and some parts of the organic armors. The Itelmen armors (organic) are different from the plate armors (iron) in material. Yet, the two have the same goal to protect a human body as arms, which implies that the Itelmen armors and plate armors have similar manufacturing processes despite their different processing methods. Therefore, we took advantage of the relationship between the manufacturing process and technology which was applied to the survey of the plate armors so as to find out the manufacturing process and the unit manufacturing technology of the Itelmen armors. After the survey, we found that the Itelmen helmets and armors belonged to the traditional manufacturing technology of wooden armors because the Itelmen relics made of wood plates were used for defense and their plates were covered with leather to connect each piece. In terms of the design principle, the Itelmen remains adopted a vertical principle (the design of rectangular plates arranged in a row) just like the plate armors, which strengthens the correlation between the two. By analyzing the structure of the back part of the neck band platesr and the manner of wearing, we realized that the traditional manufacturing technology of the wooden armors were used to make the plate armors and assumed that there were some changes in manufacturing (about 2 steps) between the two. Aside from it, we suggested that the relationship between the ‘Gobal’-type wooden armors (a log is divided into 2 to 3 parts to be suitable for the upper part of a human body and then is made into an armor) with diverse decorations among the wooden armors found in the Japanese archipelago and ‘Wamoon’ (whirl decorations / a symbol of sun) of the plate armors be examined. However, other manufacturing technologies such as leather and scale armors as well as wooden armors were also found to affect the plate armors, implying that diverse cultures related to helmets and armors should be included in examining the origin and genealogy of the plate armors.