才性論 認識 演變 考察 ― 孔、孟에서 ≪文心雕龍≫에 이르기까지

Abstract

Looking into the existing studies, WenXinDiaoLong has been studied in various fields including MunCheRon (文體論: thoughts of writing style), PungGyeokRon (風格論: thoughts of personality and dignity), JakGaRon (作家 論: thoughts of writers), ideologies and etc. It has already formed its own study field big enough to be called YongHak (龍學: oriental learning about humanism). In philosophical and literary fields, JaeSeongRon and PungGyeokRon have been studied respectively. Especially, JaeSeongRon of Wei Dynasty and talented people recruiting policies of that era have been studied sporadically. However, there are few studies on the essence of JaeSeongRon dealt in WenXinDiaoLong. Therefore, the researcher tried to look into how JaeSeongRon had been realized in WenXinDiaoLong through what kinds of changes from the JaeSeongRon of Confucius and Mencius through the era of the Han and Wèijìn Dynasties to WenXinDiaoLong. Thus, the researcher studied what kind of relation JaeSeongRon had made with literature by looking into the change of cognition on JaeSeongRon setting the scope of this study with the JaeSeongRon dealt in Lùnhéng (論衡) written by Wángchōng, a GiHwa (氣化: energy forming) focused Yin-Yang philosopher of Han Dynasty and that in Báihǔtōng (白虎通) that may have integrated all the academic achievements of that society, and setting the study scope against this study with Rénwùzhì (人物志) written by Liúshào that was used to recruit the talented people in the era of the Wèijìn Dynasties. This study results indicate that Mencius in the time before the Qin Dynasty claimed the talent and nature were same as each other in terms of concept while the JaeSeongRon of the Han Dynasty was influenced by the ideology of GiHwa focused Yin-Yang and Five Elements in the Universe to value the individual person’s born characters and his own specialties. The JaeSeongRon in the era of the Wèijìn Dynasties was focusing more on the individual person’s political talent than his morality. These results show that the JaeSeongRon in the era of the Wèijìn Dynasties was focusing more on political talent so that it tended to become more individualized and materialized particularly than that of the former era. Under this social circumstance of that era, WenXinDiaoLong did not only value the born talent but also the origins and good models of every writing style, so that it helped the literature creation through education based learning. That is why the points focused and valued by Liúxié, Gŭwénjiā (古文 家: the scholar group studying old literature) and Lǐxuéjiā (理學家: the scholar group studying principles) are all different from each other while their points are similar each other generally in terms of the thoughts of literature. That is, the group of Lǐxuéjiā claimed that the literature should agree with the writers’ moral characters focusing on their personalities and morality, so that they valued the writers’ education based personal training. Whereas, Liúxié focused more on the literature aspect and valued the writers’ born talent to claim that the born talent should be implemented by education based learning.