수정본 ≪渤海考≫의 내용과 집필 시기

Abstract

Yudeukgong(柳得恭) wrote the Balhaego(1784) to reconstruct forgotten history of Balhae through collecting piecemeal historical materials which have been recorded in various histories. The Balhaego has the significance not only as it was the first work about the history of Balhae but also it contained a critical mind that raised the Southern and Northern kingdoms period which Silla and Balhae stood together in the preface. However, there have been some omitted historical materials and some faults were found in the historical investigation when we examined the contents of the Balhaego. Recently, as the result of examining different versions of Balhaego which were reported in the academic world, it was checked that Yudeukgong must have revised the first draft. The comparison between the first draft and revised version gives as follow; the former was partially modified with the revision of words and addition of historical materials; the volume of the latter increased considerably as the story of Balhae's refugee who fled to Goryeo was added there. Meanwhile, the Jirigo was revised a lot. We can see that the investigation of geography shows fairly high standard. On the other hand, the revision of the Yemoongo was just an addition of historical materials to Gookseogo of first draft. Yudeukgong could write the Balhaego for the first time and published its revised version right after the first edition in the relation of intellectual fashion for Silhak(Realist School of Confucianism) scholars to publish collections of books at athat times. That is, the Samhanchongseo, which was being worked by Park Jiwon around 1784 had reference to the first draft of the Balhaego. Sowhachongseo, being pushed ahead in the year of 1791 was connected with the revised version. Also, it was assumed that Yudeukgong might have written the revised version for the years from 1790 to 1795 considering he had kept his recognition about the geography of Balhae in his first official visit to Beijing in 1790 but changed his idea in 1795. After reviewing the five extant versions of the Balhaego, it is confirmed that Yudeukgong remodified the revised version more than twice. Therefore, we can reach that Yudeukgong revised and supplemented the Balhaego as much as he could after 1800 to his last days.