조선 세종대 향약 개발의 두 방향

Abstract

This article explores the development of the Hyangyak(鄕藥, Korean traditional herbs) during the era of King Sejong(世宗) in the Chosŏn(朝鮮) Dynasty. The herbal medicine of the Chosŏn entered the new stage at the era of King Sejong. In the reign of Sejong, there had been a noticeable increase in kinds of herbs. Besides understanding the quality of herbs by provinces, the Chosŏn government also had pushed ahead with increase policy of herbs. This article analyzes the ≪Gyeongsandojiliji(慶尙道地理志)≫, ≪Hyangyakchaechuiworlryung(鄕藥採取月令)≫, ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)≫, geography of ≪Sejongsilrok(世宗實錄)≫ to determine the process of the development of the Hyangyak. Especially, this study argues the change of herbs production and its meaning in terms of both quality and quantity. By quantity measures, understanding the nationwide actual condition of herbs was carried out by the medium of compiling geographies such as ≪Gyeongsandojiliji(慶尙道地理志)≫. It leaded to expanding the growing area of herbs and indigenizing the foreign herbs. By quality measures, improving their knowledge about the traditional herbs was included in the medical books such as ≪Hyang-yakchaechuiworlryung(鄕藥採取月令)≫ and ≪Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)≫. The former was effort to extending the kinds of herbs and its production, while the latter was exertion to deepen the use of herbs. The unremitting endeavor to the development of the Hyangyak was synthesized by compiling the geography of ≪Sejongsilrok(世宗實錄)≫. It contains 384 entries of traditional herbs, and create the ‘plantation herbs' for each province. The profound understanding of the traditional herbs and the successful increase of its production supported the enlargement of medical care during the early days of the Chosŏn.