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방어적·전략적 사회적책임활동과 기업의 재무적 특성변수와의 관계 분석

An Analysis of the Relationship between Defensive·Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm’s Financial Characteristic Variables

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 기업의 사회적 책임(Corporate Social Responsibility)활동을 방어적 사회적책임활동과 전략적 사회적책임활동 두가지 유형으로 구분하고 여러 가지 기업특성변수와의 관계를 베이지안 네트워크를 통해 분석하였다. 사회적책임활동과 관련된 선행연구에서 주로 사용된 분석방법인 회귀분석은 종속변수와 설명변수간에 선형성을 가정하여 복잡한 현실세계를 반영하지 못한다는 한계점이 존재한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기업의 사회적책임활동과 기업특성변수들 간의 선형관계를 극복하여 변수들간에 존재하는 다양하고 복잡한 인과관계를 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 일반 베이지안 네트워크 (General Bayesian Network)을 도출하고 최소한의 설명변수 집합인 마코프 블랭킷 (Markov Blanket)을 제시한다. 본 연구는 경제정의연구소에서 발표하는 경제정의지수(KEJI Index)를 기초로 2005년부터 2010년까지 약300개의 기업들을 대상으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 방어적사회적책임활동(DCSR)에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 재무변수들은 광고비(ADV)와 외국인지분율(FOR)로 나타났다. 또한, 전략적사회적책임활동과 직접적인 인과관계를 나타내는 기업특성변수는 연구개발비지출(RND)과 외국인지투자자분율(FOR)로 나타났다. 그러나 방어적/전략적 사회적책임활동과 기업성과는 직접적인 인과관계를 보이지 않았다.

Abstract

This paper attempts to classify the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities into the two different types such as defensive CSR activities and strategic CSR activities, and to analyze the relationships between the two types of CSR activities and several firms characteristic variables by using Bayesian network. While the definition of defensive CSR activities is to obey the minimum law and government regulations for satisfying various business stakeholders, the definition of strategic CSR activities is to response social problems by exploiting business resources strategically. There exist several shortcomings and limitations in previous studies for corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, especially their statistical methods of analysis such as an OLS regression analysis. It cannot easily apply the theoretical results into the real world situations because it generally assumes a linear relationship between dependent and independent variables. Thus, this paper attempts to resolve the problem of a linear relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and company characteristic variables, and to provide the various and complex causality between them. For this reason, this paper derives the general Bayesian network and provide Markov Blanket, a minimal set of explanatory variables. The dataset of this paper is based on the Korea Economic Justice Institute (KEJI) index, which contains the database of 300 companies from 2005 to 2010. The findings show that there is no statistical evidence between the defensive CSR and strategic CSR activities and business performance, whereas the both types of CSR activities can be varied by advertisement costs, shareholding rate of foreign investors, and R&D investment.

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