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원어민 학습자와 한국인 학습자들이 사용하는 경동사구문(Light verb constructions)의 문법구조 비교분석

A corpus-based comparative study of light verb constructions between Native learners and Korean EFL learners from the grammatical structure perspective

홍신철
외국어교육연구소 (Institute of Foreign Language Education)|2021.11|외국어교육연구 (Studies in Foreign Language Education)|제35권 제4호|pp. 125-143|DOI 10.16933/sfle.2021.35.4.125

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키워드

문법구조모국어 전이L1 transfer경동사중동사경동사구문기본동사Light verbHeavy verbLight verb constructionlexical teddy beargrammatical structure

초록

본 연구는 한국인 학습자들이 경동사(give, make, take)와 명사가 결합한 경동사구문을 문법구조의 관점에서 분석했다. EFL 학습자들은 이러한 독특한 언어학적인 특징을 이해하고 적절히 사용하는데 많은 어려움이 있을 것으로 예상된다. 이를 위해 중동사와 경동사 사용 비율과 문법구조의 패턴을 ICLE (International Corpus of Learner English)의 하위 코퍼스인 한국인 학습자 코퍼스와 원어민 학습자 코퍼스 LOCNESS (Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays)를 비교분석 하였다. 정량적 관점에서의 연구결과는 give와 make의 경우 원어민에 비해 적게 사용하는 것으로 나타난 반면 take의 경우는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 문법구조에서 드러난 특징은 make가 가장 두드러진 차이를 보였지만 give와 take는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 세 동사의 경동사구문의 문법구조에서 나타난 가장 큰 특징이 수동태구문을 원어민에 비해 적게 사용하는 것이다. 정성적인 관점에서 이 결과를 분석하면 모국어전이의 관점에서 설명할 수 있지만 경동사구문의 가진 언어학적인 복잡성등을 고려하면 한국어와 영어의 언어학적인 차이로만 보기 보다는 다양한 원인을 고려 할 필요가 있다. 이를 바탕으로 의식상승(Consciousness-raising)기법의 코퍼스데이터를 활용한다면 EFL 학습자들이 경동사구문을 적절하게 사용하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate Korean learners’ use of light verb(give, make, take) constructions (LVCs) from the perspective of grammatical structures in their essays. LVCs have been problematic for EFL learners since their construction (a light verb + noun) has a unique feature of weighting on semantic meaning. The study analyzes the ratio of their use of light verbs to the heavy verbs and their LVCs are categorized by the grammatical structures to identify a particular pattern. For this end, Korean learner corpus from the ICLE (International Corpus of Learner English) is compared with native learner corpus, LOCNESS (Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays). From the quantitative perspective, the results of the study are Korean learners underuse them as a light verb. In particular, make shows significant difference, but not the other two (give, take). In the patterns of grammatical structures, Korean learners significantly underuse the grammatical category of the passive unlike native learners. From the qualitative perspective, this result might be interpreted as L1 transfer because of less use of the passive construction in Korean language, not because of linguistic complexity of LVCs. Based on the above results, the study recommends that EFL learner can improve the use of LVCs through corpus-based consciousness-raising activities.

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