경자양안 연구의 현황과 과제

Abstract

The Joseon government surveyed by law the national land every 20 years. But From the Japanese invasion (1592-1598) until before the Land Survey (1898-1904) the central government had only surveyed it three times. Among them a land register surveyed in 1720 remains. It is called Gyongjayangan. It reflects the land surveying and registering method of the society then and the real state of land ownership. It was the real state of land ownership that was first noticed. It was recognized as the material which reflected the differentiating form of land ownership according status. With the deepening of the research, the registering method of owners in Gyongjayangan, neglected in previous studies was deeply researched. As a result, the practices of registering servants instead were identified. This raised the need to review the materials of Gyongjayangan. In recent years comprehensive reviews of various aspects were made. The point of research is as follows. Above all, the subject and purpose of promoting land survey were analyzed. The political forces that propelled it were Noron, and the opposition forces Namin. The purpose of propelling it was to increase the land tax and overcome the chronic financial crisis. Next, the analysis of registering form is a important research. In particular, it is noteworthy that the term pointing to the owner in register book reflects the consciousness of land ownership of the society. This shows the possibility that the registering form will be likely to be interpreted as a cultural history. The methods to research reality of land ownership have also changed, which is to analyze land registers with the help of various materials such as pedigrees and agricultural management documents. In the future the new analyzing methods will be explored according to the research results of registering form. As mentioned above, the studies on Gyongjayangan deepened considerably in recent years and raised new challenges. New approachs are being explored beyond simple statistical analysis and interpretation of its meaning change from the dimension of socio-economic history to that of socio-culutrual history.