The Foreclosure of the Asiatic Mode of Production and Its Implications: Gayatri Spivak’s Critique of Marxian Evolutionary Models in A Critique of Postcolonial Reason
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In postcolonial discussions, the evolutionary theory has been one of the most controversial issues, as its application to human society has been used as a justification for imperialism/colonialism. In this essay, I address this issue, drawing upon the Marx section of Gayatri Spivak’s A Critique of Postcolonial Reason, in which she critiques Marx’s foreclosure of his own concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production [AMP]. Rather than focusing on the native informant’s perspective and related topics, I pay particular attention to Spivak’s new emphasis on the foreclosure of the AMP in this section and her issues with Marx’s acceptance of evolutionary models, based on the assumption that Spivak considers Marx’s foreclosure an expression of his “desire to theorize the other,” which is based on the idea of unilinear “evolutionary storyline.” I also analyze how Spivak “resurrects” the AMP “in order to understand globality” (CPR 72), without problematizing the supposition about “stages” of development as long as such development doesn’t rely on the idea of unilinearity, and with the aim of indicating how Marx’s AMP has given insights to contemporary philosophers such as Deleuze and Guattari, who connect the AMP to the contemporary globalized world. All in all, I seek to make my point that Spivak marks herself as one of the remarkable postcolonial theorists to incorporate Derridean “new politics of reading” in her new reading of Marxian evolutionary models, thus enriching postcolonial theories.
Abstract
In postcolonial discussions, the evolutionary theory has been one of the most controversial issues, as its application to human society has been used as a justification for imperialism/colonialism. In this essay, I address this issue, drawing upon the Marx section of Gayatri Spivak’s A Critique of Postcolonial Reason, in which she critiques Marx’s foreclosure of his own concept of the Asiatic Mode of Production [AMP]. Rather than focusing on the native informant’s perspective and related topics, I pay particular attention to Spivak’s new emphasis on the foreclosure of the AMP in this section and her issues with Marx’s acceptance of evolutionary models, based on the assumption that Spivak considers Marx’s foreclosure an expression of his “desire to theorize the other,” which is based on the idea of unilinear “evolutionary storyline.” I also analyze how Spivak “resurrects” the AMP “in order to understand globality” (CPR 72), without problematizing the supposition about “stages” of development as long as such development doesn’t rely on the idea of unilinearity, and with the aim of indicating how Marx’s AMP has given insights to contemporary philosophers such as Deleuze and Guattari, who connect the AMP to the contemporary globalized world. All in all, I seek to make my point that Spivak marks herself as one of the remarkable postcolonial theorists to incorporate Derridean “new politics of reading” in her new reading of Marxian evolutionary models, thus enriching postcolonial theories.
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