상세 서지분석을 통한 과학과 관련된 위험 교육의 국제 연구 동향 분석
International Research Trends in Science-Related Risk Education: A Bibliometric Analysis
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초록
현대 사회의 위험은 점점 다양해지고, 그 영향력이 점점 확장되고 있다. 현대의 위험에 대응하기 위해서 과학 교육의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 상세 서지분석을 이용하여 기존에 이뤄진 과학과 관련된 위험 교육 연구 동향을 분석하여 그 특징을 파악하고, 과학 교육에서 이뤄지는 위험 교육의 시사점을 도출하고자 했다. 이를 위해 Web of Science에서 ‘Scientific Risk’를 주제어로 하고 연구 영역은 교육학 분야로 한정하여, 국제 학술지(SSCI) 83편의 서지 정보를 수집한 뒤, R-Studio의 bibliometrix 패키지를 이용하여 서지 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 위험 교육 연구는 위험 소양, 과학 교육에서 다루는 위험의 구조, 위험 사례를 교육에 적용하는 방안과 그 효과성 등을 주제로 이뤄지고 있다. 둘째, 위험을 주제로 한 과학 교육 연구 중 많은 수가 SSI 교육을 배경으로 진행되었다. 셋째, 과학과 관련된 위험 교육 연구는 지식 전달 교육에 치중되어 있었음을 확인할 수 있었고, 이때 많은 연구가 교육과정과 학교 학습 상황과 같은 형식 교육을 분석하였다. 이러한 결과는 다음과 같은 점을 시사한다. 첫째, 현대 사회의 위험에 대응하기 위한 위험 교육의 주제를 핵 에너지, 기후 변화에서 더 나아가 환경오염, AI, 각종 생활 인재 등으로 확장해야 한다. 둘째, SSI 교육 연구에서 진행된 주제들을 위험 교육의 맥락에서 다시 분석하고 연구할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 위험 인식 뿐만 아니라 위험 평가, 위험 관리 측면에서도 연구가 필요하다. 넷째, 과학관이나 미디어 등과 같은 비형식 교육의 장에서도 위험 교육을 실천하기 위한 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Contemporary society faces increasingly diverse risks with expanding impacts. In response, the importance of science education has become more prominent. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of existing research on science-related risk education and derives implications for such education. Using detailed bibliometric analysis, we collected citation data from 83 international scholarly journals (SSCI) in the field of education indexed in the Web of Science with the keywords 'Scientific Risk.' Subsequently, using the bibliometrix package in R-Studio, we conducted a bibliometric analysis. The findings are as follows. Firstly, research on risk education covers topics such as risk literacy, the structure of risks addressed in science education, and the application and effectiveness of incorporating risk cases into educational practices. Secondly, a significant portion of research on risks related to science education has been conducted within the framework of socioscientific issues (SSI) education. Thirdly, it was observed that research on risks related to science education primarily focuses on the transmission of scientific knowledge, with many studies examining formal education settings such as curricula and school learning environments. These findings imply several key points. Firstly, to effectively address risks in contemporary society, the scope of risk education should extend beyond topics such as nuclear energy and climate change to encompass broader issues like environmental pollution, AI, and various aspects of daily life. Secondly, there is a need to reexamine and further research topics explored in the context of SSI education within the framework of risk education. Thirdly, it is necessary to analyze not only risk perception but also risk assessment and risk management. Lastly, there is a need for research on implementing risk education practices in informal educational settings, such as science museums and media.
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