고조선문명 형성에 들어간 貊족의 紅山문화의 특징

Abstract

Chinese Archeologists have excavated near the Xiaoling River, Daling River, and Sira Moren River Basin and have found relics and ruins dating back to the Neolithic period between 7,000 BC~3,000 BC. Although they have described this as being Hongshan Culture, there is a lack of disclosure as to who created such culture. I argue that the Maek Tribe is in fact the creator of Hongshan Culture. Evidence has been found in Niuheliang at a Hongshan shrine, where a clay statue of a goddess and the broken remains of a “bear” sculpture were unearthed. Additionally, the Chinese character, “Maek” is used to convey, “bear” in both the Korean and Japanese languages. The origins of the Maek tribe include its people surviving the Ice Age while living in caves found on the Korean peninsula, and later through the Neolithic period dating from 12,000 bp~7,000 bp. Following the end of the Ice Age around 7,000 BC, the tribesman set out towards newly formed lands and created the “Hongshan Culture” in their new environment. By 3,000 BC, sudden climate change in the Niuheliang area caused a decrease in rainfall and affected the region’s agriculture. As a result, Niuheliang’s female chief led the Maek tribe southeast, crossing the Amnok (Yalu) River and the Liandong Peninsula, until they encountered the patriarchal Han tribe. Rather than engaging in warfare over territorial disputes, the Maek tribe’s female chief and the Han tribe’s male chief agreed on a peaceful solution through a marriage alliance. This resulted in a king from the Han tribe and a queen from the Maek tribe, followed by the birth of a son named Dangun. Dangun unified the two tribes and between 30 BC~24 BC, he designated Asadal as the capital, leading to the formation of the ancient state Go-Joseon and of the Go-Joseon civilization. Thus, it can be concluded that the Maek tribe was not only the creator of Hongshan culture, but also had contributed the the formation and the development of the Go-Joseon civilization.