Why is Life Expectancy in Busan Shorter than in Seoul? Age and Cause-Specific Contributions to the Difference in Life Expectancy between Two Cities
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Purpose: Seoul and Busan are the two largest cities in Korea. However, life expectancy (LE) in Busan is shorter than in Seoul andamong the total Korean population. This study was conducted to decompose age- and cause-specific contributions to the LE differencebetween Seoul and Busan. Materials and Methods: We obtained population and mortality data for Seoul and Busan between 2015 and 2017 from StatisticsKorea. We applied Arriaga’s decomposition method to life table data to estimate age- and cause-specific contributions to the LEdifference between Seoul and Busan. Results: During 2015–2017, LE in Busan was shorter than in Seoul by 2.22 years. Roughly two-thirds of the LE gap between Seouland Busan was due to excess mortality among elderly people in Busan. The ≥85 age group alone contributed to approximately20% of the LE gap, while no meaningful contribution was made by the 1–24 age groups. Cardiovascular disease accounted forover 40% of the total LE gap between Seoul and Busan, and this factor was more prominent in women. The top 15 leading specificcauses of deaths explained nearly the entire LE difference between Seoul and Busan. Conclusion: The difference in LE between Seoul and Busan was due to higher mortality rate in Busan than in Seoul, especially inthe elderly population and from cardiovascular diseases. Information on age- and cause-specific contributions to the LE differencebetween Seoul and Busan may guide health policy-makers to plan strategies for reducing the gap in LE.
Abstract
Purpose: Seoul and Busan are the two largest cities in Korea. However, life expectancy (LE) in Busan is shorter than in Seoul andamong the total Korean population. This study was conducted to decompose age- and cause-specific contributions to the LE differencebetween Seoul and Busan. Materials and Methods: We obtained population and mortality data for Seoul and Busan between 2015 and 2017 from StatisticsKorea. We applied Arriaga’s decomposition method to life table data to estimate age- and cause-specific contributions to the LEdifference between Seoul and Busan. Results: During 2015–2017, LE in Busan was shorter than in Seoul by 2.22 years. Roughly two-thirds of the LE gap between Seouland Busan was due to excess mortality among elderly people in Busan. The ≥85 age group alone contributed to approximately20% of the LE gap, while no meaningful contribution was made by the 1–24 age groups. Cardiovascular disease accounted forover 40% of the total LE gap between Seoul and Busan, and this factor was more prominent in women. The top 15 leading specificcauses of deaths explained nearly the entire LE difference between Seoul and Busan. Conclusion: The difference in LE between Seoul and Busan was due to higher mortality rate in Busan than in Seoul, especially inthe elderly population and from cardiovascular diseases. Information on age- and cause-specific contributions to the LE differencebetween Seoul and Busan may guide health policy-makers to plan strategies for reducing the gap in LE.
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