소년분류심사서 시설내처우 결정에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 폭력청소년의 성별 차이를 중심으로
A Study on the Risk Factors of Adolescent Violent Crimes and Gender Differences
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본 연구는 폭력청소년에 대한 분류심사서 최종 의견이 남녀 성별에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지 살펴보고, 소년분류심사서 내 조사 항목을 검토하여 시설내처우 결정 관련 요인을 분석하는데 연구 목적이 있다. 2008년 9월부터 2009년 9월까지 약 1년 동안 이루어졌던 총 412명의 폭력청소년 분류심사서를 분석한 결과, 남자 폭력청소년(N=296)의 경우 보호자 보호의지, 가출경험, 피해자 합의유무, 중퇴유무, 성폭력 행위가 통계적으로 유의미한 시설내처우 결정 요인이었던 반면, 여자 폭력청소년(N=116)은 보호의지와 가출경험, 결손가족(편부가정) 세 요소가 시설내처우 결정 요인인 것으로 나타났다. 시설내처우 결정에 있어 남녀 간의 성별 차이가 존재하는바, 성별에 따른 소년처우 특성화(gender-specific) 방침이 소년원과 보호관찰소, 지역사회 사후지도 전반에서 종합적으로 고려되어야 할 것이고, 동시에 성별 기준 관련 문제들에 대한 논의가 보다 심층적으로 다뤄져야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This study was undertaken in order to explore the risk factors of violent youths who were in the process of the juvenile classification system in South Korea. In particular, this study aimed at unveiling gender difference in terms of the risk factors that might affect the “facility‐based treatment” decision of investigation officers. Girls were traditionally expected to be significantly less aggressive than boys. Therefore, violence was regarded as a predominantly male phenomenon for the first three quarters of the twentieth century. However, the numbers of female youth crimes have increased over the past decade, and adolescent violent crimes have begun to be the subject of tremendous concern in terms of the nature and potential risk factors of female offending. To address this crucial issue, the current study examined the high risk factors of 412 violent youth criminals by analyzing their official youth risk assessment reports. The youth classification and risk assessment reports were written by professional investigation officers in the Seoul Classification Center from September 2008 to September 2009. The risk factors were categorized into three dimensions: (1)individual demographic characteristics, (2)crime‐related characteristic, (3)and family characteristics. The logistic regression analysis for the violent male youth demonstrated that on average, whether they were runaways, school dropouts, sex offenses, victim compensation, and family guardianship risk factors increased the odds of a young adult being referred to a youth detention center when other risk factors were statistically controlled. On the other hand, the second logistic regression model for violent female youth indicated that the likelihood of receiving a “facility‐based treatment” decision depended on only three factors; whether they were runaways, family structure, and family guardianship. Specifically, there was a statistically 38.0% greater chance of receiving facility‐based decision in the case of runaway girls than the girls who did not have any experience of being runaways. In addition to this, relevant policy implications are also discussed.
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