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난소의 과립막 세포종양에 관한 임상병리학적 고찰

A Clinicopathologic Study of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor

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초록

목적 : 난소의 과립막 세포종으로 진단되어 치료받았던 환자에서의 병기, 임상증상, 치료방법, 조직학적 특징, 수술 소견, 초음파 소견, 생존율 등의 임상병리학적 특징을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1984년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 19년 동안 고려대학교의료원 산부인과학교실에서 난소의 과립막 세포종으로 진단, 치료했던 28명의 환자에 대한 의무기록과 치료 후 추적 관찰된 자료를 조사하여 분석하였다. 무병 생존율의 분석 및 각 예후인자의 분석을 위해 각각 Kaplan-Meier analysis와 Fischer's exact test를 이용하였다. 결과 : 난소의 과립막 세포종의 평균 발생연령은 49세 (범위는 28세에서 71세 사이)였으며 임상적 증상은 질 출혈 (vaginal bleeding)이 11예 (39.3%)로 가장 많았다. 암기별 분포는 병기 I기 85.6% (24/28), 병기 II기 3.6% (1/28), 병기 III기 7.1% (2/28)로 각각 조사되었으며, 병기 IV기는 한 예도 없었다. 평균 추적 관찰기간은 62개월 (5-168개월)로 실제적인 환자의 5년 무병 생존율은 90.4%, 10년 무병 생존율은 82.6%로 산출되었고 통계학적인 의미를 갖는 예후인자는 환자의 병기, 종양의 파열 여부로 조사되었다. 결론 : 난소의 과립막 세포종은 초기에 발견되는 경향이 있어 대부분 예후는 좋으나 매우 늦게 재발하는 경우가 많으므로 장기간 추적 관찰을 하는 것이 바람직하며 진행된 병기이거나 종양의 크기, 유사분열 정도, 종양의 파열 유무에 따라 선별적으로 보조적 항암화학요법의 시행이 필요하나, 보다 정립된 치료를 위해 대규모의 전향적인 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

Abstract

Objective : The goal of this clinical study was to evaluate clinical and pathological findings, surgical procedures, and postoperative treatment in women with ovarian granulosa cell tumor. Methods : A clinical study was made on 28 cases of ovarian granulosa cell tumor that were treated at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Korea University Hospital between January 1978 and December 2002. Data for 28 women with granulosa cell tumor were collected retrospectively. Follow-up data were collected from the hospital records or telephone survey. Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were applied, as appropriate. Results : The mean age of patients was 49 years (range, 28 to 71 years). The most common present symptom was vaginal bleeding (11/28, 39.3%). 82.6% of patients were with FIGO stage I, 3.6% with stage II, 7.1% with stage III, and none with stage IV. Follow-up time was 62 months (5-128 months). The five year disease free survival rate was 90.4% and 10 year disease free survival rate was 86.5%. Significant prognostic factors were FIGO stage and the rupture of tumor. Conclusion : Even though granulosa cell tumor usually has good prognosis, it is a tumor of unquestionable malignant potential and has a tendency for late relapse. Long term follow-up is recommended. Multicenter prospective randomized studies are needed to identify the more rational treatment strategies of these rare malignant tumors.

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