Prostaglandin D_2 and T_H2 Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma
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Prostaglandin D_2 (PGD_2) is a major prostanoid, produced mainly by mast cells, in allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma. PGD_2-induced vasodilatation and increased permeability are well-known classical effects that may be involved in allergic inflammation. Recently, novel functions of PGD_2 have been identified. To date, D prostanoid receptor (DP) and chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on TH_2 cells (CRTH2)have been shown to be major PGD_2-related receptors. These two receptors have pivotal roles mediating allergic diseases by regulating the functions of various cell types, such as TH_2 cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells,dendritic cells, and epithelial cells. This review will focus on the current understanding of the roles of PGD_2 and its metabolites in TH_2 inflammation and the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
Abstract
Prostaglandin D_2 (PGD_2) is a major prostanoid, produced mainly by mast cells, in allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma. PGD_2-induced vasodilatation and increased permeability are well-known classical effects that may be involved in allergic inflammation. Recently, novel functions of PGD_2 have been identified. To date, D prostanoid receptor (DP) and chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on TH_2 cells (CRTH2)have been shown to be major PGD_2-related receptors. These two receptors have pivotal roles mediating allergic diseases by regulating the functions of various cell types, such as TH_2 cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells,dendritic cells, and epithelial cells. This review will focus on the current understanding of the roles of PGD_2 and its metabolites in TH_2 inflammation and the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
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