제주 항파두리(缸坡頭里) 항몽(抗蒙) 유적 내성지(內城地) 출토 ‘윷판형 암각화’의 상징성

Abstract

Yutpan-type petroglyphs were discovered on stones for the foundation of Hangpaduri castle in Jeju-do, the southern island off the coast of the Korean Peninsula. Those stones are 79×50cm in dimensions. At the core of the stones, Yutpan, a board for playing a traditional Korean game called Yut, were engraved. Based on the discovery of engraved Yutpan on the stones in scarcity, it deserves attention. In particular, the relics have only been discovered a total of 7 pieces found in 5 different locations in the Korean Peninsula. In addition, it was the first time in Jeju-do. This article aims at giving insight about the purpose of this Yutpan, which was used for particular rites rather than a game. Inevitably, a point of view about the traditional Feng-Shui(風水) needs to be considered, when examining Yutpan-type petroglyphs on the foundation stones. For instance, the key point of Bibo Feng-Shui(裨補風水) is to compensate insufficiency and to restrain overflow. Then, Yutpans were only excavated on certain foundation stones. It describes the possibility that Yutpan-type petroglyphs on foundation stones could be expedient of Bibo Feng-Shui. On the other hand, this could mean being a ritual symbol after the era of Doseon(道詵) styled Feng-Shui, further studies will place pinpoints its use. Like earlier studies determined, Yutpan-type petroglyphs are ritual correlatives, which stand for the faith of Big Dipper. In other words, those are specifically Taoisticre presentations as well as occultism symbolic icons in order to embody astronomical and celestial ideal orders into the earth. Through placing esoteric characteristic objects on the foundation stone, the pillars of the building eventually cover the Yutpan. Thereby, it contains the sense of surreptitious ‘Esotericism’ by not being exposed simply. Thus, the size of Yutpan, carved on the foundation stones are little smaller than the diameters of pillar. Therefore, Yutpan is construed as an occultist symbolic icon by ‘being concealed’. Hypothetically, Yutpan-type petroglyphs at Hangpaduri in Jeju can be analyzed as ritual correlatives of character described as below. 1) In emergency, Sambyeolcho, a special military troop in Goryeo Dynasty, built temporary architectures, which include occultist iconic objects depicting the orbit of the Big Digger. 2) In order to implement a geometrical complete space, where astronomical orders are reflected in. 3) In order to achieve Sambyeolcho’s ideals, resistance and establishing a kingdom. Hence, Yutpan-type petroglyphs discovered from Hangpaduri relics in Jeju-do symbol in relation with general builder’s rite. Consequentially, these relics heighten the value in terms of being created as a symbolic meaning of constructional rites as well as the oldest chronological artifact found in Jeju-do.