생전예수재를 통해본 불교의례의 융합적 특성 - 천태종 구인사 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Guinsa Temple’s Yesujae conducted with ‘The great rite of SuryukㆍYoungsan(水陸靈山) and Yesu(預修)’ makes us to focus on the university of the Buddhist prayer(佛供) and ceremony(齋會) of Korean Buddhism. The 2015 Guinsa Temple’s Yesujae according to 『The principle of Yesujae(預修齋儀範)』 was a special Yesujae that compacted the 5-day rite into one day, showing the service of Korean Yesujae where rituals of ‘Suryuk, Youngsan and Yesu’ are integrated. Guinsa Temple’s Yesujae breaks up and expands the Korean Yesujae where rituals of ‘Suryuk, Youngsan and Yesu’ are integrated instead of applying the structure of Buddhist 49 days Service from the general Yesujae to maximize the meaning. The university of everyday Buddhist prayer is realized into the pre-rituals of Yesujae, which is re-expanded into the 5-day ritual of Suryuk, Youngsan and Yesu rites; this shows the principle of fractals where parts and the whole are repeated in the same structure. As praying the living and praying the dead are conducted together in everyday Buddhist service between 9 and 11 a.m., all types of Buddhist praying are for everyone regardless of the starting point. This is the same in the range of the dead; during a Buddhist 49Jae Service for a specific dead person, it is not only the target who are serviced on the spiritual podium(靈壇), but lonely spirits of the deceased are invited to be serviced and transferred to the heaven after the process of soul cleansing(灌浴). Of course this involves praying of the bereaved family and the living for the dead. As the goal of all sattvas, regardless of being the living or the dead, is to realize the truth, teaching buddha-dharma(佛法) is the basis of all rituals. Therefore, as Prajna-Paramita-Sutra and Dharma-nature Song are chanted by everyday Buddhist prayers, the place where those meanings are maximized is the time and space of recovering the aspiration praying during the Shakyamuni. The ultimate Return to the Original of Buddhist rites is to realize the Buddhist ceremony of Youngsan Ceremony(靈山會). Also, meeting with a holy being certainly aims for ‘sacred gathering’ where Bodhisattvas and the holy spirits coexist. Therefore, it is the utopia for all rituals to create the aspiration praying of the Shakyamuni where the living and the dead, and the sacred(聖) and the secular world(俗) are harmonized together. No matter how small and general rituals are, they contain this meaning; the bigger the ritual scale, the more the realization of the utopia is expanded. As such, Guinsa Temple’s ‘The great rite of SuryukㆍYoungsan and Yesu’ that follow the principle shows the characteristics of Korean Buddhist rites.