Association between household food insecurity and nutritional outcomes among children in Northeastern of Peninsular Malaysia
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between household food insecurityand nutritional status of children in low-income households. A cross sectional study involved a survey of households (n =223) receiving the financial assistance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eligible mothers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria such as non-pregnant, non-lactating mothers, aged18 to 55 years with their youngest children aged 2 to 12 years, were purposively selected. The Radimer/Cornell hunger andfood-insecurity instrument was administered and children’s height and weight were measured. RESULTS: About 16.1% of the households were food secure, while 83.9% experienced some kind of food insecurity. Out offood insecure category, 29.6% households were food insecure, 19.3% women were individual food insecure and 35.0% fellinto the child hunger category. Education of the mother (P = 0.047), household size (P = 0.024), number of children (P = 0.024),number of children going to school (P = 0.048), total monthly income (P < 0.001), income per capital (P < 0.001), number ofhousehold members contributing to the income (P = 0.018) and food expenditure (P = 0.006) were significant risk factors forhousehold food insecurity. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting in children were 61.0%, 61.4% and 30.6%respectively. Based on multinomial logistic regression, children in food-insecure households were 2.15 times more likely tobe underweight and three times to be stunted than children in the food-secure households. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that household food insecurity is associated with the nutritional status of the childrenin the rural area of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between household food insecurityand nutritional status of children in low-income households. A cross sectional study involved a survey of households (n =223) receiving the financial assistance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eligible mothers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria such as non-pregnant, non-lactating mothers, aged18 to 55 years with their youngest children aged 2 to 12 years, were purposively selected. The Radimer/Cornell hunger andfood-insecurity instrument was administered and children’s height and weight were measured. RESULTS: About 16.1% of the households were food secure, while 83.9% experienced some kind of food insecurity. Out offood insecure category, 29.6% households were food insecure, 19.3% women were individual food insecure and 35.0% fellinto the child hunger category. Education of the mother (P = 0.047), household size (P = 0.024), number of children (P = 0.024),number of children going to school (P = 0.048), total monthly income (P < 0.001), income per capital (P < 0.001), number ofhousehold members contributing to the income (P = 0.018) and food expenditure (P = 0.006) were significant risk factors forhousehold food insecurity. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting in children were 61.0%, 61.4% and 30.6%respectively. Based on multinomial logistic regression, children in food-insecure households were 2.15 times more likely tobe underweight and three times to be stunted than children in the food-secure households. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that household food insecurity is associated with the nutritional status of the childrenin the rural area of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia.
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