Protective effects of Acanthopanax divaricatus extract in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease
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BACKGROUND: Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) extract has been reported to have anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory,and anti-mutagenic activity. MATERIALS/METHODS: We investigated the effects of ADA extract on two mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD);intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1)-transgenicmice. RESULTS: Intra-gastric administration of ADA stem extract (0.25 g/kg, every 12 hrs started from one day prior to injectionof Aβ1-42 until evaluation) effectively blocked Aβ1-42-induced impairment in passive avoidance performance, and Aβ1-42-inducedincrease in immunoreactivities of glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin (IL)-1α in the hippocampus. In addition, it alleviatedthe Aβ1-42-induced decrease in acetylcholine and increase in malondialdehyde levels in the cortex. In APP/PS1-transgenicmice, chronic oral administration of ADA stem extract (0.1 or 0.5 g/kg/day for six months from the age of six to 12 months)resulted in significantly enhanced performance of the novel-object recognition task, and reduced amyloid deposition and IL-1βin the brain. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that ADA stem extract may be useful for prevention and treatment of AD.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus (ADA) extract has been reported to have anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory,and anti-mutagenic activity. MATERIALS/METHODS: We investigated the effects of ADA extract on two mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD);intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1)-transgenicmice. RESULTS: Intra-gastric administration of ADA stem extract (0.25 g/kg, every 12 hrs started from one day prior to injectionof Aβ1-42 until evaluation) effectively blocked Aβ1-42-induced impairment in passive avoidance performance, and Aβ1-42-inducedincrease in immunoreactivities of glial fibrillary acidic protein and interleukin (IL)-1α in the hippocampus. In addition, it alleviatedthe Aβ1-42-induced decrease in acetylcholine and increase in malondialdehyde levels in the cortex. In APP/PS1-transgenicmice, chronic oral administration of ADA stem extract (0.1 or 0.5 g/kg/day for six months from the age of six to 12 months)resulted in significantly enhanced performance of the novel-object recognition task, and reduced amyloid deposition and IL-1βin the brain. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that ADA stem extract may be useful for prevention and treatment of AD.
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