Effects of quercetin derivatives from mulberry leaves: Improved gene expression related hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism in short-term high-fat fed mice
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mulberry leaves contain quercetin derivatives, which have the effects of reducing obesity and improvinglipid and glucose metabolism in mice with obesity. It is not clear whether or not mulberry leaves can directly affect metabolicdisorders, in the presence of obesity, because of the interaction between obesity and metabolic disorders. The aim of thecurrent study was to assess the direct action of quercetin derivatives on metabolic disorders in non-obese conditions in short-termhigh-fat diet fed mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: C57BL/6N mice were fed a high-fat diet, supplemented with either 0% (control), 1%, or 3% mulberryleaf powder (Mul) or 1% catechin powder for five days. Anthropometric parameters and blood biochemistry were determined,and hepatic gene expression associated with lipid and glucose metabolism was analyzed. RESULTS: Body and white fat weights did not differ among the four groups. Plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, and freefatty acids in the 1%, 3% Mul and catechin groups did not differ significantly from those of the controls, however, plasmaglucose and 8-isoprostane levels were significantly reduced. Liver gene expression of gp91phox, a main component of NADPHoxidase, was significantly down-regulated, and PPAR-α, related to β-oxidation, was significantly up-regulated. FAS and GPAT,involved in lipid metabolism, were significantly down-regulated, and Ehhadh was significantly up-regulated. Glucose-metabolismrelated genes, L-PK and G6Pase, were significantly down-regulated, while GK was significantly up-regulated in the two Mulgroups compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the Mul quercetin derivatives can directly improve lipid and glucose metabolism byreducing oxidative stress and enhancing β-oxidation. The 1% Mul and 1% catechin groups had similar levels of polyphenolcompound intake (0.4 × 10-5 vs 0.4 × 10-5 mole/5 days) and exhibited similar effects, but neither showed dose-dependent effectson lipid and glucose metabolism or oxidative stress.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mulberry leaves contain quercetin derivatives, which have the effects of reducing obesity and improvinglipid and glucose metabolism in mice with obesity. It is not clear whether or not mulberry leaves can directly affect metabolicdisorders, in the presence of obesity, because of the interaction between obesity and metabolic disorders. The aim of thecurrent study was to assess the direct action of quercetin derivatives on metabolic disorders in non-obese conditions in short-termhigh-fat diet fed mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: C57BL/6N mice were fed a high-fat diet, supplemented with either 0% (control), 1%, or 3% mulberryleaf powder (Mul) or 1% catechin powder for five days. Anthropometric parameters and blood biochemistry were determined,and hepatic gene expression associated with lipid and glucose metabolism was analyzed. RESULTS: Body and white fat weights did not differ among the four groups. Plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, and freefatty acids in the 1%, 3% Mul and catechin groups did not differ significantly from those of the controls, however, plasmaglucose and 8-isoprostane levels were significantly reduced. Liver gene expression of gp91phox, a main component of NADPHoxidase, was significantly down-regulated, and PPAR-α, related to β-oxidation, was significantly up-regulated. FAS and GPAT,involved in lipid metabolism, were significantly down-regulated, and Ehhadh was significantly up-regulated. Glucose-metabolismrelated genes, L-PK and G6Pase, were significantly down-regulated, while GK was significantly up-regulated in the two Mulgroups compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the Mul quercetin derivatives can directly improve lipid and glucose metabolism byreducing oxidative stress and enhancing β-oxidation. The 1% Mul and 1% catechin groups had similar levels of polyphenolcompound intake (0.4 × 10-5 vs 0.4 × 10-5 mole/5 days) and exhibited similar effects, but neither showed dose-dependent effectson lipid and glucose metabolism or oxidative stress.
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