배지조성과 차광정도가 시설하우스 재배 인삼의 초기 생육 및 생리활성에 미치는 영향
Effects of Shading Degree and Substrate Component on Early Growth and Physiological Activity of Panax ginseng Grown under Plastic House
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인삼의 시설생산을 위하여 배지 조성 및 차광 정도를 달리한 환경조건 하에서의 생육특성과 생리활성 변화를 검토하고자 온실 및 실내시험을 수행하였다. 적정한 배지 조합은 차광 정도에 따라 달랐는데 무차광에서는 coco peat 단독, 50% 차광에서는 coco peat와 perlite를 50:50으로 혼합하였을 때, 70% 차광에서는 perlite 단독배지에서 유의적으로 높은 생육을 보였다(P<0.05). 차광은 엽면적, 엽록소 함량, 근장, 지상부 및 지하부 생체중을 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 총 페놀 함량은 지상부(20.7∼23.8 mg･kg-1)보다는 지하부(25.8∼28.4 mg･kg-1)에서, 무차광(20.7∼25.8 mg･kg-1)보다는 차광(23.7∼28.4 mg･kg-1)에서 높게 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 지하부(6.9∼7.0 mg･kg-1)보다는 지상부에서(17.4∼26.8 mg･kg-1), 무차광보다는 차광에서 높게 검출되었다. 반면, DPPH 라디컬 소거능 측정을 통한 항산화성은 추출물 농도가 증가할수록 높은 활성을 보였고, 지하부(24.9∼28.7%)보다는 지상부에서(31.1∼36.5%), 차광보다는 무차광에서 다소 높은 활성을 보였다. 결론적으로 차광은 비닐하우스 조건하에서 재배된 인삼의 생육과 생리활성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Plastic house and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of substrate components and shade degrees on plant growth and physiologically-active substance content and antioxidant activity of Panax ginseng. No significant difference in growth characteristics among substrates was observed. However, shade treatment also significantly reduced leaf area, chlorophyll content, root length, and shoot and root fresh weight (P<0.05) with increasing of the degree. Total phenolics level [mg ferulic acid equivalents (FAE) kg-1 DW] was higher in root parts (25.8 to 28.4 mg kg-1) than shoot parts (20.7 to 23.8 mg kg-1) of Panax ginseng, and with shade (23.7 to 28.4 mg kg-1) than without shade (20.7 to 25.8 mg kg-1). However, total flavonoids [mg naringin equivalents kg-1 DW] was more detected in the shoot part (17.4 to 26.8 mg kg-1) than in the root part (6.7 to 7.0 mg kg-1) of Panax ginseng. Methanol extracts from the Panax ginseng plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity as a antioxidant potential, and the activity was higher in shoot parts (31.1 to 36.5%) than in root parts (24.9 to 28.7%), and without shade than with shade. In conclusion, shade affects plant growth as well as physiological activity of Panax ginseng under plastic house condition.
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