온도에 따른 자생 주걱쑥부쟁이의 종자발아특성
Characteristics of Seed Germination in Heteropappus arenarius Kitam. Native to Korea as Influenced by Temperature
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주걱쑥부쟁이(Heteropappus arenarius Kitam.)는 들 국화에 속하는 가을 개화성 이년초로 한국의 남동부 해안 지대와 제주도에서 자생한다. 본 식물은 대규모 조경지역 특히, 척박한 토양이나 비탈면 언덕에 유용한 지피식물로 서 개발 가능성이 높다. 본 연구는 주걱쑥부쟁이 종자의 지 역계통과 수확시기에 따른 최적 발아온도를 선정하기 위해 최초로 수행하였다. 지역별 온도에 따른 종자발아 반응은 다음과 같다. 최종발아율(FG)은 구룡포産(89.7%)이 4개 지역계통 중에 가장 높았고, 다음으로 구좌産(87.3%), 감 포産(87.3%), HKNU-I (71.5%) 순이었다. 지역별 평균 T50은 구좌産(3.6 일)과 구룡포産(4.0일)이 타 지역에 비 해 짧았다. 온도별 평균 FG와 T50은 20℃에서 각각 76.2% 와 3.6일로 가장 우수하였다. 그 다음으로 30℃, 25℃, 1 5℃순이었다. 그러나 구좌産의 경우, FG과 T50이 20℃와 15℃에서 우수하였다. 수확단계 및 온도관계에서 수확단 계별 평균 FG는 Stage III (90.7%)와 Stage IV (88.6%)가 Stage II(35.7%)와 Stage I(26.0%)에 비해 월등히 높았 다. 수확단계별 평균 T50은 Stage IV (3.7일)과 Stage III (4.3일)로 FG값이 50%이하를 보여준 타 수확단계에 비해 짧았다. 그럼에도 불구하고 주걱쑥부쟁이 종자는 모든 단 계에서 발아할 수 있었기에 종자 수확 가능범위는 Stage I 에서 IV까지였다. 결론적으로 주걱쑥부쟁이 종자발아의 최 적 온도와 적정 수확단계는 20℃ 조건에 Stage III에서 IV 까지이었다.
Abstract
Heteropappus arenarius Kitam., an autumn-flowering biennial belonging to wild chrysanthemums, is found to be native in southeastern coastal area and Jeju island of Korea. It could play a good role for ground cover plants on a large-scale landscape area, especially, barren soil or sloping hillside. This study was initiated to screen optimum germination temperature influenced by local strain and harvesting stage of H. arenarius. The following was the response of seed germination between local strain and temperature. The average of final germination percentage (FG) was the highest in 'Guryongpo' (89.7%) among four local strains, followed by 'Gujwa' (87.3%), 'Gampo' (87.3%), and 'HKNU-I' (71.5%). The average of T50 was shorter in 'Gujwa' (3.6 d) and 'Guryongpo' (4.0 d) than the others. The average of FG and T50 was the highest as 76.2% and shortest as 3.6 d in 20℃, respectively, followed by 30℃, 25℃, and 15℃. In case of 'Gujwa', however, FG and T50 was higher in 20℃ and shorter in 15℃ than others. In the relationship between harvesting stage and temperature, the average of FG was greatly higher in Stage III (90.7%) and Stage IV (88.6%) than the others including Stage II (35.7%) and Stage I (26.0%). The average of T50 was shorter in Stage IV (3.7 d) and Stage III (4.3 d) than the others, which showed less than 50% of FG. Nevertheless, the available range of seed harvesting stage was from Stage I to Stage IV because H. arenarius seeds could germinate at all stages. In conclusion, it was recommended that the optimum temperature and harvesting stage was 20℃ and Stage III~IV, respectively, for seed germination of H. arenarius.
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