경관작물 구절초의 고랭지 경사지 밭 토양유실 경감 효과
Effect of the Landscape Crop, Chrysanthemum zawadskii on Reducing Soil Loss in Highland Sloping Area
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초록
고랭지 농업(해발고도 400 m이상)은 주로 해발고도가 높은산지의 경사지에서 이루어지고 있고, 대부분 작물 재배기간이5월부터 9월까지(5개월)로 짧아, 나머지 7개월은 토양 피복이이루어지지 않은 상태로 있어 토양유실 가능성이 높다. 이러한문제점을 개선하기 위해 본 연구에서 고랭지 경사도 55% 라이시미터(Lysimeter)에서 경관성이 높은 구절초를 식재하여 토양유실 저감 효과를 규명하였다. 관행구로 나지(Control, TC) 대비 식재 밀도에 따라 구절초 적은 그룹(T1, 40주), 구절초 많은그룹(T2, 70주)로 하여 총 3처리를 두었다. 구절초의 재배기간(6-10월) 피복율을 조사한 결과 대조구인 나지상태인 TC는 0% 의 피복율인데 반해 구절초 식재한 T1 처리구는 43-59%의 피복율을 보였으며, T2 처리구는 63-81%로 경사지 토양을 피복시키는 효과가 가장 좋았다. 재배기간 평균기온의 5개월 평균은평균기온범위는 16.1℃로 나타났으며 강우량은 1207.9 ㎜로 나타났다. 재배기간 동안 평균적인 지표유출량 경감 효과는 TC 처리 대비 구절초 피복처리구인 T1 처리구는 71%, T2처리구는76%로 우수하였다. 또한, 토양유실량의 경우 TC보다 T1처리구의 경우 84%, 재색밀도가 높은 T2 처리구의 경우 98%의 토양유실 감소효과를 보였다. 따라서, 고랭지 경사지에 영년생 자원식물 중 경관성이 뛰어난 구절초를 식재함으로서 경사지 토양유실을 경감시킬 수 있고, 부가가치가 높은 고소득작물로 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
There is high vulnerability of soil loss in sloping and highland used for agricultural production due to the low surface covering in summer rainy season. This study evaluated the surface-covering rate of landscape crop in reducing soil loss in the highland. The experiment was conducted in a 55% sloped lysimeter with three treatments of planting density using Korean native chrysanthemum, and investigated the soil coverage rate, run-off water, and soil erosion. The three treatments according to the degree of soil covering are bare soil as the control treatment TC, coverage rate of 43-59% for treatment T1, and, coverage rate of 63-81% for treatment T1, and T2. During the cultivation period, the average reduction of run-off water was 71% for treatment T1 and 76% for treatment T2, which are better, compared with the control. The reduction in eroded soil was 84% in treatment T1 and 98% for treatment T2, which is also better than the control treatment. Therefore, it is possible to alleviate the soil loss in sloping lands by planting chrysanthemum, which is superior among the perennial plant species and considered as a crop with economic value.
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