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A Critical Argument against the Thesis of “Individualization without Individualism”: Focusing on a Comparison between Germany’s Sonderweg and South Korea’s Special Path to Modernization

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한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2017.06|Korea Journal|제57권 제2호|pp. 102-128|DOI 10.25024/kj.2017.57.2.102

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참고문헌

키워드

Ulrich Beckcompressed individualizationindividualization without individualismmethodological cosmopolitanismGerman Sonderweg(non-)marriage behavior
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

The Korean sociologist Chang Kyung-Sup coined the terms “compressed modernity” and “individualization without individualism” to describe the special path to modernisation in South Korea. The word “compressed” here denotes and emphasizes the contradictory coexistence of a collectivistic culture of familism and family formations that are simultaneously individualizing and varying. Because South Korean women have initiated the individualization of family forms, Chang and Song characterize them as “stranded individualizers under compressed modernity,” by which they mean that Korean women are culturally still collectivistic but at the same time appear individualistic in their (non-)marriage behaviour. This study argues against the theory of “compressed modernity” in Korea, according to which the individualization of families is nothing but a risk-averse variant of familism. Instead, this study argues that the real dynamic of individualization in Korea is found in the emergence of individualism and its vulnerability to institutions of familism. This study labels such a dynamic “compressed individualization.”

Abstract

The Korean sociologist Chang Kyung-Sup coined the terms “compressed modernity” and “individualization without individualism” to describe the special path to modernisation in South Korea. The word “compressed” here denotes and emphasizes the contradictory coexistence of a collectivistic culture of familism and family formations that are simultaneously individualizing and varying. Because South Korean women have initiated the individualization of family forms, Chang and Song characterize them as “stranded individualizers under compressed modernity,” by which they mean that Korean women are culturally still collectivistic but at the same time appear individualistic in their (non-)marriage behaviour. This study argues against the theory of “compressed modernity” in Korea, according to which the individualization of families is nothing but a risk-averse variant of familism. Instead, this study argues that the real dynamic of individualization in Korea is found in the emergence of individualism and its vulnerability to institutions of familism. This study labels such a dynamic “compressed individualization.”

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