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Beyond Continuity: The Defiance of Ordinary Citizens and the 2016 Candlelight Protests in South Korea

윤지환|민희
한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2020.06|Korea Journal|제60권 제2호|pp. 150-179|DOI 10.25024/kj.2020.60.2.150

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discontinuityneoliberalismKorean democracydefiance2016 candlelight protestsordinary citizens
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

In explaining the 2016 candlelight protests that removed Park Geun-hye from the presidency, many commentators in South Korea have emphasized the historical continuity of this event with previous candlelight protests that had different goals and contexts. Commentators have highlighted the uninterrupted commitment of active citizens to democratic progress and claimed that these citizens played the determining role throughout all of the candlelight protests. In addition to this view, this paper argues that there is an important discontinuity in the 2016 protests: ordinary citizens defied the Park government when the government undermined their livelihoods, and this defiance constituted the uniqueness of the 2016 candlelight protests. Specifically, by comparing the life cycle of the 2016 protests with that of the 2008 protests, this paper reveals that ordinary citizens influenced the process of the 2016 event by (1) initiating the preceding small protests, (2) continuously mobilizing livelihood issues and thus delaying the professionalization of the protests, and (3) de-radicalizing the movement. Therefore, the 2016 candlelight protests must be interpreted not only as the culmination of Korea’s decades-long democratic movement but also as a successful struggle of precarious people against the growing neoliberal threats to their livelihoods.

Abstract

In explaining the 2016 candlelight protests that removed Park Geun-hye from the presidency, many commentators in South Korea have emphasized the historical continuity of this event with previous candlelight protests that had different goals and contexts. Commentators have highlighted the uninterrupted commitment of active citizens to democratic progress and claimed that these citizens played the determining role throughout all of the candlelight protests. In addition to this view, this paper argues that there is an important discontinuity in the 2016 protests: ordinary citizens defied the Park government when the government undermined their livelihoods, and this defiance constituted the uniqueness of the 2016 candlelight protests. Specifically, by comparing the life cycle of the 2016 protests with that of the 2008 protests, this paper reveals that ordinary citizens influenced the process of the 2016 event by (1) initiating the preceding small protests, (2) continuously mobilizing livelihood issues and thus delaying the professionalization of the protests, and (3) de-radicalizing the movement. Therefore, the 2016 candlelight protests must be interpreted not only as the culmination of Korea’s decades-long democratic movement but also as a successful struggle of precarious people against the growing neoliberal threats to their livelihoods.

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관련 논문AI추천

Articulating Inequality in the Candlelight Protests of 2016–2017이윤경한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2019 · 제59권 제1호Candlelight Protests in South Korea:The Legacies of Authoritarianism and DemocratizationPaul Y. Chang이화사회과학원 · 사회과학연구논총2018 · 제34권 제1호Determinants of Unaffiliated Citizen Protests: The Korean Candlelight Protests of 2016–2017강우진한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2019 · 제59권 제1호The Flow of the Masses and the Candlelight Demonstrations in South Korea박태호한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2020 · 제60권 제3호Labor Movements in Neoliberal Korea: Organizing Precarious Workers and Inventing New Repertoires of Contention이윤경한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2021 · 제61권 제4호2016∼2017년 촛불 집회의 성격: 1987년 6월 항쟁 및 2008년 촛불 집회와의 비교정병기한국사회과학연구회 · 동향과 전망2018 · 제104호

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