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Discussions of the Uniqueness of the Sage’s Mind-and-Heart in the Horak Debate

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초록

The discussions on the uniqueness of the sages’ mind-and-heart in the Horak debate of the late Joseon dynasty occurred in regard to two major points of contention. The first regarded the different interpretations of the meaning of weifa 未發, or the original state of the mind, and the second concerned mingde 明德, or the original power of the mind. The Horak debate discussed whether sages and commoners had identical mind-and-heart; the debate should be understood in terms of the serious social inequalities inherent in late Joseon as well as the self-identity of the literati-officials of the time. Han Won-jin claimed that physical endowment in the weifa state had gradations or variations, whereas Yi Gan claimed that, in the weifa state, qi was in its original condition and therefore not subject to gradations or variations.

Abstract

The discussions on the uniqueness of the sages’ mind-and-heart in the Horak debate of the late Joseon dynasty occurred in regard to two major points of contention. The first regarded the different interpretations of the meaning of weifa 未發, or the original state of the mind, and the second concerned mingde 明德, or the original power of the mind. The Horak debate discussed whether sages and commoners had identical mind-and-heart; the debate should be understood in terms of the serious social inequalities inherent in late Joseon as well as the self-identity of the literati-officials of the time. Han Won-jin claimed that physical endowment in the weifa state had gradations or variations, whereas Yi Gan claimed that, in the weifa state, qi was in its original condition and therefore not subject to gradations or variations.

참고문헌 (12)

  1. Han, Won-jin, "Namdangjip 南塘集(The Collected Works of Namdang Han Won-jin)"
  2. Yi, Gan, "Oeam yugo 巍巖遺稿(The Posthumous Writings of Oeam Yi Gan)"
  3. Yi, I., "Yulgok jeonseo 栗谷全書(The Complete Works of Yulgok Yi I)" (1814)
  4. Yi, Jae, "Doamjip 陶庵集(The Collected Works of Doam Yi Jae)" (1816)
  5. Yun, Bong-gu, "Byeonggyejip 屛溪集(The Collected Works of Byeonggye Yun Bong-gu)"
  6. Zhu, Xi, "Daxue zhangju 大學章句(Detailed Commentary on the Great Learning)"
  7. Cho, Sung-san, "Joseon hugi nangnongye hakpung-ui hyeongseong-gwa jeongae (The Formation of Nak-ron in the Late Joseon Dynasty: Academic Transition and Statecraft Thought)" (2007), Jisik Sanupsa
  8. Jun, In-Shik, "Yi Gan-gwa Han Won-jin-ui mibal osang nonbyeon yeongu(A Study of the Debate on Unarousedness and Five Constant Virtues between Yi Gan and Han Won-jin)", 박사, pp.1999
  9. Kim, Pildong, "Chabyeol-gwa yeondae: joseon sahoe-ui sinbun-gwa jojik (Discrimination and Solidarity: Social Ranks and Systems of Joseon Society)" (1999), Moonhak-gwa Jisungsa
  10. Moon, Suk-yoon, "Oeam-gwa namdang-ui ‘mibal’ nonbyeon(Debate between Oeam and Namdang on the State of “Unarousedness”)", Taedong gojeon yeongu (Studies of Oriental Classics), 11 (1995)
  11. Moon, Suk-yoon, "Horak nonjaeng hyeongseong-gwa jeongae (The Formation and Development of the Horak Debate)" (2006), Dong-gwa Seo
  12. 문석윤, "湖洛論爭 形成期 未發論辨의 樣相과 巍巖 ‘未發’論의 특징", 한국사상사학, (31), pp.409~444 (2008), 한국사상사학회

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