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Benefits of Information Technology in Healthcare: Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Personal Health Records

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Objectives: Systematic evaluations of the benefits of health information technology (HIT) play an essential role in enhancinghealthcare quality by improving outcomes. However, there is limited empirical evidence regarding the benefits of IT adoptionin healthcare settings. This study aimed to review the benefits of artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), andpersonal health records (PHR), based on scientific evidence. Methods: The literature published in peer-reviewed journals between2016 and 2022 was searched for systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embasedatabases. Manual searches were also performed using the reference lists of systematic reviews and eligible studies frommajor health informatics journals. The benefits of each HIT were assessed from multiple perspectives across four outcomedomains. Results: Twenty-four systematic review or meta-analysis studies on AI, IoT, and PHR were identified. The benefitsof each HIT were assessed and summarized from a multifaceted perspective, focusing on four outcome domains: clinical,psycho-behavioral, managerial, and socioeconomic. The benefits varied depending on the nature of each type of HIT and thediseases to which they were applied. Conclusions: Overall, our review indicates that AI and PHR can positively impact clinicaloutcomes, while IoT holds potential for improving managerial efficiency. Despite ongoing research into the benefits ofhealth IT in line with advances in healthcare, the existing evidence is limited in both volume and scope. The findings of ourstudy can help identify areas for further investigation.

Abstract

Objectives: Systematic evaluations of the benefits of health information technology (HIT) play an essential role in enhancinghealthcare quality by improving outcomes. However, there is limited empirical evidence regarding the benefits of IT adoptionin healthcare settings. This study aimed to review the benefits of artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), andpersonal health records (PHR), based on scientific evidence. Methods: The literature published in peer-reviewed journals between2016 and 2022 was searched for systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embasedatabases. Manual searches were also performed using the reference lists of systematic reviews and eligible studies frommajor health informatics journals. The benefits of each HIT were assessed from multiple perspectives across four outcomedomains. Results: Twenty-four systematic review or meta-analysis studies on AI, IoT, and PHR were identified. The benefitsof each HIT were assessed and summarized from a multifaceted perspective, focusing on four outcome domains: clinical,psycho-behavioral, managerial, and socioeconomic. The benefits varied depending on the nature of each type of HIT and thediseases to which they were applied. Conclusions: Overall, our review indicates that AI and PHR can positively impact clinicaloutcomes, while IoT holds potential for improving managerial efficiency. Despite ongoing research into the benefits ofhealth IT in line with advances in healthcare, the existing evidence is limited in both volume and scope. The findings of ourstudy can help identify areas for further investigation.

참고문헌 (54)

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