A Place of Memory: The Ruins of the Korean Workers’ Party Headquarters, Cheorwon
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This article examines the multilayered meanings of the Korean Workers’ Party Headquarters, Cheorwon (WPHQ) as a place of memory. Originally built by North Korea in 1946, the building was partly destroyed during the Korean War, and taken over by South Korea after the 1953 ceasefire. After decades of desertion within the Civilian Control Line near the Demilitarized Zone, it was eventually registered as a cultural heritage property by South Korea. For decades, the WPHQ remains have built on the collective memory of anticommunism in South Korea and contributed to formulating a sense of national identity. From the standpoint of counter-memory, however, the site calls for a more nuanced approach. Oppressed memory can reemerge to integrate with current experiences and produce new meaning. Through this process, the site is recoded as a part of cultural memory and transmitted to future generations. Recognized in South Korea for its value as cultural heritage, the WPHQ has become an unintentional historical monument. But reminding us of loss and demise, it has also become an anti-monument. In this uncanny space, dualities such as south/north, center/periphery, prosperity/collapse, and presence/absence converge and their distinctions are blurred, while the various memories associated with the site lead us to reconsider our views on Korea’s modern history.
Abstract
This article examines the multilayered meanings of the Korean Workers’ Party Headquarters, Cheorwon (WPHQ) as a place of memory. Originally built by North Korea in 1946, the building was partly destroyed during the Korean War, and taken over by South Korea after the 1953 ceasefire. After decades of desertion within the Civilian Control Line near the Demilitarized Zone, it was eventually registered as a cultural heritage property by South Korea. For decades, the WPHQ remains have built on the collective memory of anticommunism in South Korea and contributed to formulating a sense of national identity. From the standpoint of counter-memory, however, the site calls for a more nuanced approach. Oppressed memory can reemerge to integrate with current experiences and produce new meaning. Through this process, the site is recoded as a part of cultural memory and transmitted to future generations. Recognized in South Korea for its value as cultural heritage, the WPHQ has become an unintentional historical monument. But reminding us of loss and demise, it has also become an anti-monument. In this uncanny space, dualities such as south/north, center/periphery, prosperity/collapse, and presence/absence converge and their distinctions are blurred, while the various memories associated with the site lead us to reconsider our views on Korea’s modern history.
참고문헌 (50)
- Assmann, Aleida, "Gieok-ui gonggan: Munhwajeok gieok-ui hyeongsik-gwa byeoncheon (Space of Memory: Forms and Changes of Cultural Memory)" (2011), Greenbee
- Cheorwon-gun, "Cheorwon-gunji(Bulletin of Cheorwon County)" (1992), Cheorwon-gun
- "Cheorwon-gun munhwa gwangwang (Cultural Tourism Office of Cheorwon County)"[URL]
- Cheorwon yeoksa munhwa yeonguso (Research Institute of Cheorwon History and Culture), "Seutoritelling, Cheorwon (Storytelling, Cheorwon)", Cheorwon-guncheong gwangwang munhwagwa, ~ (2011)
- Choay, Françoise, "The Invention of the Historic Monument" (2001), Cambridge University Press
- Choe, Byeongjun, "Bimujang jidaeseo pyeonghwa-ui konseoteu (Peace Concert in the DMZ)", Kyunghyang Shinmun, ~ (1994)
- Choe, Byeongjun, "Bungnyeokttang ullyeopeojin ‘tongil hapchang’: Mintongseon yet nodongdangsa ap ‘yeollin eumakhoe’ (‘Unification Chorus’ Reverberates through the Northern Land: ‘Open Concert’ at the Old Workers’ Party Headquarters in the Civilian Control Line)", Kyunghyang Shinmun, ~ (1994)
- Dong-A Ilbo, "Yeonyesucheop: Bimujangjidae ‘rokesyon’(Entertainment Now: The DMZ, a Movie ‘Location’)", ~ (1965)
- Dong-A Ilbo, "Mintongseon bukbang gwangwangji gaebal” (Develop North of the Civilian Control Line for Tourism)", ~ (1983)
- Dong-A Ilbo, "Mintongseon gwangwang danji mandeunda: Baengmagoji deung gyeokjeon hyeonjang gonggae (Create a Tourism Complex in the Civilian Control Line, Open Former Fierce Battlefields to the Public, Including Baengmagoji)", ~ (1988)
- Edensor, Tim, "Industrial Ruins: Space, Aesthetics and Materiality" (2005), Berg
- Foley, Malcolm, "JFK and Dark Tourism : A Fascination with Assassination", International Journal of Heritage Studies, 2(4), pp.198~211 (1996)
- Foucault, Michel, "Language, Counter-memory, Practice: Selected Essays and Interviews" (1977), Cornell University Press
- Freud, Sigmund, "Kwaerak wonchik-eul neomeoseo(Beyond the Pleasure Principle)" (1997), Yeollin chaek-deul
- Freud, Sigmund, "The Uncanny" (2003), Penguin Books
- Geundae munhwa yusan mongnokhwa mit josa bogoseo(Listing and Report of Modern Cultural Heritage), "Gangwon Province", Gangwon Province, ~ (2003)
- Halbwachs, Maurice, "The Collective Memory" (1980), Harper & Row
- Hetzler, Florence M., "Causality : Ruin Time and Ruins", Leonardo, 21(1), pp.51~55 (1988)
- "Cheorwon huimang yeondae, 6.15 ginyeomsik gaechoe (Cheorwon Hope Coalition Commemorates the June 15 South-North Joint Declaration)" (2017)[URL]
- Jun, Jin-Sung, "Gieok-gwa jeonjaeng: Mihwa-wa chumo sai-eseo (Memory and War: Between Glorification and Remembrance)" (2009), Humanist
- Jung, Ho-Gi, "Gieok-gwa jeonjaeng: Mihwa-wa chumo sai-eseo (Memory and War: Between Glorification and Remembrance)", pp.490~535 (2009), Humanist
- Kang, Kyung-hee, "Silhyangmin deung 5,000-myeong tongildae hapchang", KBS mintongseon eumakhoe (5,000 People Including the Displaced Join the Unification Chorus, Chosun Ilbo, pp.1994, ~
- Kim, Hakjun, "Bukhan-ui yeoksa 2 (History of North Korea, Vol. 2)" (2008), Seoul National University Press
- Kim, Hyeon-seop, "Seotaeji damnon(Discourse on Seo Taiji)" (2001), Chaek-i inneun maeul
- Kim, Soondeok, "Hyujeonseon-seo gamdong-ui cheot eumakhoe: Bundan-ui apeum nogin ‘pyeonghwa seonyul’ (First Concert in the Truce Line, ‘Peace Melody’ Melts the Sufferings of Division)", Dong-A Ilbo, ~ (1994)
- Kim, Yangsam, "Mintongseon gwangwang: Mugonghae jayeon mankkik... Anbo sangyoyuk (Tour in the Civilian Control Line: Savor Unpolluted Nature:Authentic Education of Security)", Kyunghyang Shinmun, ~ (1989)
- 김영목, "심미적 기억과 연극 - 드라마 기능 연구", 독일현대문학, (26), pp.63~92 (2006), 한국독일현대문학회[DOI]
- Kim, Young-gyu, "Bit-ui sawon chamyeo jakga seolmyeonghoe mit hyeonjang tambang hugi(Presentations of Artists Participating in the Temple of Light and Review of the Site Visits)", Cheorwon sinmun, ~ (2015)
- Lee, Daryl Patrick, "Uncanny City: Paris in Ruins", PhD, pp.1999
- Lee, Dong-yeon, "Seo Taeji-neun uri-ege mueosieonna (What Seo Taiji Meant to Us)" (1999), Munhwa gwahaksa
- Lee, Hae-yong, "Bimujang jidae-reul chajaseo : Jeongjeon 50-nyeon hyujeonseon bundanhyeonjang bogoseo(Going to the DMZ : A Report on the Site of National Division in the Ceasefire Line, Fifty Years from the Armistice)" (2003), Nunbit
- Lee, Si-woo, "Mintongseon pyeonghwa gihaeng(Journey of Peace in the Civilian Control Line)" (2003), Changbi
- Lee, Wang-gi, "Bukan geonchuk : Tto hana-ui uri moseup(Architecture of North Korea : Another Face of Us)" (2000), Seoul Forum
- Maeil Business Newspaper, "Anbo gwangwang danji joseong: 6.25 gyeokjeonji cheorwon-e 20-eok deurye (Create a Security Tour Complex: At a Cost of 2Billion Won in Cheorwon, the Battleground of the Korean War)", ~ (1987)
- Maeil Business Newspaper, "’Cheol-ui samgakji’ anbo gwangwangji-ro talbakkum (Transform the Iron Triangle into a Security Tour Zone)", ~ (1989)
- Maeil Business Newspaper, "Tongil-ui yeomwon seorin bundan hyeonjang (A Site of National Division Harboring Yearnings for Unification)", ~ (1990)
- Makarius, Michel, "Ruines (Ruins)" (2004), Flammarion
- Merewether, Charles, "Irresistible Decay: Ruins Reclaimed", pp.25~40 (1997), The Getty Research Institute
- "1994-nyeon nambuk jeongsang hoedam yebijeopchok(Preliminary Contacts for the South-North Summit Talks Scheduled for 1994). Tongilbu nambuk hoedam bonbu (Office of Inter-Korean Dialogue, Ministry of Unification)" (1994)[URL]
- Munhwajaecheong (Cultural Heritage Administration), "Hanguk-ui geundae munhwa yusan, garyeoppobeun deungnok munhwajae 30-seon (Modern Cultural Heritage of Korea: Thirty Selected Registered Cultural Assets)" (2004), Munhwajaecheong
- "Twitter account of the NIKL" (2023)[URL]
- Park, Jin Bin, "Gieok-gwa jeonjaeng: Mihwa-wa chumo sai-eseo (Memory and War: Between Glorification and Remembrance)", pp.253~276 (2009), Humanist
- Ri, Hwaseon, "Joseon geonchuksa II (History of Korean Architecture, Vol. II)" (1993), Bareon
- Riegl, Alois, "The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Character and Its Origin. Translated by Forster and Ghirardo", Oppositions, 25, pp.21~51 (1982)
- Sin Dong-A, "Hyujeon 30-nyeon-ui hyujeonjidae(The DMZ during Thirty Years of Ceasefire)", ~ (1983)
- Smithson, Robert, "The Writings of Robert Smithson: Essays with Illustrations", pp.52~57 (1979), New York University Press
- Spitzer, Leo, "Acts of Memory: Cultural Recall in the Present", pp.87~104 (1999), Dartmouth College
- Tae, Jiho, "Gieok munhwa yeongu (An Inquiry into the Culture of Memory)" (2014), Communication Books
- "Mintongseon 60-nyeon nambuk daechi je-2 wanchungjidae…‘Tongil kkumkkunda’ (Sixty Years of the Civilian Control Line: Second Buffer Zone of North-South Confrontation…‘Dreaming of Unification’)" (2014)[URL]
- Young, James, E., "Art and the Public Sphere", pp.49~78 (1992), University of Chicago Press