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How South Korea Constructed a Shadow Carceral State through Institutions for People with Mental Disabilities in the 1980s

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한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2024.12|Korea Journal|제64권 제4호|pp. 111-137|DOI 10.25024/kj.2024.64.4.111

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참고문헌

키워드

mental disabilitiesfamilyinstitutionalizationintersectionalitycapacity/debility
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

This article reexamines the history of placing people with mental disabilities in carceral facilities in South Korea from a feminist disability studies perspective. The large-scale institutionalization that took place during the military dictatorship of Chun Doo-hwan (1980–1987) has typically been analyzed as a product of the government’s violent attempt at social control and the economic interests of private welfare institutions that cooperated with the government. This article uses the concept of a shadow carceral state to rethink how people with mental disabilities were institutionalized in South Korea in the 1980s, and argues that during the period of democratization, the framing of institutional reform as based on liberal human rights and identity condoned unjust and unequal structures that continue to produce abnormal populations that are housed in institutions.

Abstract

This article reexamines the history of placing people with mental disabilities in carceral facilities in South Korea from a feminist disability studies perspective. The large-scale institutionalization that took place during the military dictatorship of Chun Doo-hwan (1980–1987) has typically been analyzed as a product of the government’s violent attempt at social control and the economic interests of private welfare institutions that cooperated with the government. This article uses the concept of a shadow carceral state to rethink how people with mental disabilities were institutionalized in South Korea in the 1980s, and argues that during the period of democratization, the framing of institutional reform as based on liberal human rights and identity condoned unjust and unequal structures that continue to produce abnormal populations that are housed in institutions.

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