본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Unending Journeys: Migration Trajectories of Korean Im/migrants in South Africa

안연선
한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2022.12|Korea Journal|제62권 제4호|pp. 137-170|DOI 10.25024/kj.2022.62.4.137

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

transnational migrationoverseas Koreansmigration trajectoryKorean im/migrationmigration decision-makingAsians in South Africa
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

The history of Korean im/migrants on the African continent is relatively recent and on a smaller scale compared to Korean diasporas elsewhere. Migration from South Korea to South Africa does not fit the stereotypical migration pattern from a country in the Global South with a lower income to a higher income country in the North. Hence, it is difficult to explain by either conventional migration theory focusing on income discrepancies, or the neoclassical and functionalist push-and-pull model. Drawing on in-depth interviews, this study aims to map out the spatial trajectories of migration taken by Korean im/migrants to, from, and within South Africa. Central to this work are the multi-directional and onward geographic migratory trajectories. Complex issues and motivations that have informed these embodied movements and migration trajectories are explored. In tracing the migration trajectories of Korean im/migrants to, from and/or within South Africa, this study examines the economic and socio-cultural dynamics of migratory trajectories and migrants’ changing subjectivities. This facilitates analysis of the way in which lifetime migration trajectories are enmeshed within the socioeconomic and cultural circumstances of both origin and destination countries.

Abstract

The history of Korean im/migrants on the African continent is relatively recent and on a smaller scale compared to Korean diasporas elsewhere. Migration from South Korea to South Africa does not fit the stereotypical migration pattern from a country in the Global South with a lower income to a higher income country in the North. Hence, it is difficult to explain by either conventional migration theory focusing on income discrepancies, or the neoclassical and functionalist push-and-pull model. Drawing on in-depth interviews, this study aims to map out the spatial trajectories of migration taken by Korean im/migrants to, from, and within South Africa. Central to this work are the multi-directional and onward geographic migratory trajectories. Complex issues and motivations that have informed these embodied movements and migration trajectories are explored. In tracing the migration trajectories of Korean im/migrants to, from and/or within South Africa, this study examines the economic and socio-cultural dynamics of migratory trajectories and migrants’ changing subjectivities. This facilitates analysis of the way in which lifetime migration trajectories are enmeshed within the socioeconomic and cultural circumstances of both origin and destination countries.

참고문헌 (66)

  1. Åkesson, Lisa, "Postcolonial Portuguese Migration to Angola: Migrants or Masters?" (2018), Palgrave Macmillan
  2. Attias-Donfut, C, "Ageing in Contexts of Migration", pp.83~95 (2016), Routledge
  3. Augusto, Asaf, "‘Skilled White Bodies’: Portuguese Workers in Angola as a Case of North-South Migration", Geographical Journal, 186(1), pp.116~127 (2020)
  4. Benson, Michaela, "Understanding Lifestyle migration: Theoretical Approaches to Migration and the Quest for a Better Way of Life", pp.47~68 (2014), Palgrave Macmillan
  5. Benson, Michaela, "Lifestyle Migration and Colonial Traces in Malaysia and Panama" (2018), Palgrave Macmillan
  6. Bischoff, Eva, "Colonialism and Beyond: Race and Migration from a Postcolonial Perspective" (2013), LIT Verlag
  7. Boccagni, Paolo, "Emotions on the Move: Mapping the Emergent Field of Emotion and Migration", Emotion, Space and Society, 16, pp.73~80 (2015)
  8. Bright, Rachel K, "Chinese Labour in South Africa, 1902–10: Race, Violence, and Global Spectacle" (2013), Palgrave Macmillan
  9. Caarls, Kim, "Evolution of Migration Trajectories and Transnational Social Networks over Time: A Study among Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Europe", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(14), pp.3310~3328 (2021)
  10. Carling, J, "Migration in the Age of Involuntary Immobility: Theoretical Reflections and Cape Verdean Experiences", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 28(1), pp.5~42 (2002)
  11. Castles, Stephen, "The Age of Migration" (2003), Guilford
  12. Crawley, H, "Beyond Here and There: (Re)Conceptualising Migrant Journeys and the ‘In-Between’", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(14), pp.3226~3242 (2021)
  13. Cresswell, Tim, "Place: A Short Introduction" (2004), Wiley
  14. Cresswell, Tim, "On the Move: Mobility in the Modern Western World" (2006), Routledge
  15. Curran, Sara R., "Engendering Migrant Networks: The Case of Mexican Migration", Demography, 40(2), pp.289~307 (2003)
  16. de Haas, Hein, "The Internal Dynamics of Migration Processes: A Theoretical Inquiry", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(10), pp.1587~1617 (2010)
  17. Dobler, G, "Chinese Shops and the Formation of a Chinese Expatriate Community in Namibia", China Quarterly, 199, pp.707~727 (2009)
  18. Douglass, Mike, "Globalizing the Household in East Asia", Proletarian and Gendered Mass Migrations, 12(1), pp.65~82 (2013)
  19. Georgalou, Mariza, "Emotions and Migration in Social Media Discourse: A New Greek Migrant Case Study", Emotion, Space and Society, 38, pp.100745~ (2021)
  20. Giddens, Anthony, "Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age" (1991), Stanford University Press
  21. 한건수, "African Migrant Workers' Views of Korean People and Culture", Korea Journal, 43(1), pp.154~173 (2003), 한국학중앙연구원
  22. Haraway, Donna, "Situated Knowledges: The Science Question in Feminism and the Privilege of Partial Perspective", Feminist Studies, 14(3), pp.575~599 (1988)
  23. Harris, John, "Migration, Unemployment and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis", American Economic Review, 60(1), pp.126~142 (1970)
  24. Huang, M, "The Intimacies of Racial Capitalism: Chinese Capital and Migration in South Africa", PhD, pp.2018
  25. Hübinette, Tobias, "To Be Non-white in a Colour-Blind Society: Conversations with Adoptees and Adoptive Parents in Sweden on Everyday Racism", Journal of Intercultural Studies, 30(4), pp.335~353 (2009)
  26. Jeon, K. S, "Korean in the World: Middle-East and Africa" (1996), Ministry of Unification
  27. Karpestam, Peter, "Routledge International Handbook of Migration Studies", pp.3~18 (2019), Routledge
  28. "Riots in South Africa Burn Down LG Factory…Samsung Factory Also Suffers Damages" (2021)[URL]
  29. Knowles, Caroline, "Hong Kong: Migrant Lives, Landscapes, and Journeys" (2009), University of Chicago Press
  30. "Statistics on Overseas Koreans" (2021)[URL]
  31. Korpela, Mari, "Searching for a Countercultural Life Abroad: Neo-nomadism, Lifestyle Mobility or Bohemian Lifestyle Migration?", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 46(15), pp.3352~3369 (2020)
  32. Lee, Everett S, "A Theory of Migration", Demography, 3(1), pp.47~57 (1966)
  33. Lee, Se Hwa, "Korean Wild Geese Families: Gender, Family, Social, and Legal Dynamics of Middle-Class Asian Transnational Families in North America (Korean Communities across the World)" (2021), Lexington Books
  34. Ling, Huping, "Chinese Chicago: Race, Transnational Migration, and Community Since 1870" (2012), Stanford University Press
  35. Liu, Haifang, "Migration and Agency in a Globalizing World: Afro-Asian Encounters", pp.69~90 (2018), Palgrave Macmillan
  36. Mainwaring, Ċ., "Beyond the Border: Clandestine Migration Journeys", Geopolitics, 21(2), pp.243~262 (2016)
  37. Margolis, Maxine L, "Transnationalism and Popular Culture: The Case of Brazilian Immigrants in the United States", Journal of Popular Culture, 29(1), pp.29~41 (1995)
  38. Massey, Douglas S., "Theories of International Migration : A Review and Appraisal", Population and Development Review, 19(3), pp.431~466 (1993)
  39. Massey, Douglas S., "What’s Driving Mexico-U.S. Migration? A Theoretical, Empirical, and Policy Analysis", American Journal of Sociology, 102(4), pp.939~999 (1997)
  40. McKay, Deirdre, "‘Sending Dollars Shows Feeling’—Emotions and Economies in Filipino Migration", Mobilities, 2(2), pp.175~194 (2007)
  41. Meyer, F, "Navigating Aspirations and Expectations: Adolescents’ Considerations of Outmigration from Rural Eastern Germany", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(6), pp.1032~1049 (2018)
  42. "Situation of Overseas Koreans in 2021" (2021)[URL]
  43. Möhring, Maren, "Tourism and Migration : Interrelated Forms of Mobility", Comparativ, 24(2), pp.116~123 (2014)
  44. Nelson, Kim Park, "Invisible Asians : Korean American Adoptees, Asian American Experiences, and Racial Exceptionalism" (2016), Rutgers University Press
  45. Oh, Kyung Hwan, "Korean Missionaries in Southern Africa: A Discussion and Evaluation of Korean Missionary Activity in Southern Africa, 1980–2006", PhD, pp.2008
  46. Park, Yoon Jung, "A Matter of Honour : Being Chinese in South Africa" (2008), Jacana
  47. Park, Yoon Jung, "Migration and Agency in a Globalizing World", pp.91~113 (2018), Palgrave MacMillan
  48. Park, Yoon Jung, "South Africa-China Relations: A Partnership of Paradoxes", pp.237~262 (2021), Palgrave Macmillan
  49. Rainer, G, "Amenity", lifestyle Migration to the Global South: Driving Forces and Socio-spatial Implications in Latin America, 2019, pp.40(7), 1359~1377
  50. Roth, Wendy D., "Race Migrations: Latinos and the Cultural Transformation of Race" (2012), Stanford University Press
  51. Salazar, N. B, "Understanding Lifestyle Migration: Theoretical Approaches to Migration and the Quest for a Better Way of Life", pp.119~138 (2014), Palgrave Macmillan
  52. Schapendonk, Joris, "What if Networks Move? Dynamic Social Networking in the Context of African Migration to Europe", Population, Space and Place, 21(8), pp.809~819 (2015)
  53. Schapendonk, Joris, "Following Migrant Trajectories : The Im", Mobility of Sub-Saharan Africans En Route to the European Union, 2014, pp.104(2), 262~270
  54. Schapendonk, Joris, "The Conceptual Limits of the ‘Migration Journey’: Deexceptionalising Mobility in the Context of West African Trajectories", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(14), pp.3243~3259 (2021)
  55. Korea and South Africa: Building A Strategic Partnership, "Shelton, Garth", Institute for Global Dialogue, ~, pp.Occasional Paper 61 (2009)
  56. Snel, Erik, "Migration Trajectories and Transnational Support Within and Beyond Europe", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(14), pp.3209~3225 (2021)
  57. Tazreiter, Claudia, "Lifeboat Politics in the Pacific: Affect and the Ripples and Shimmers of a Migrant Saturated Future", Emotion, Space and Society, 16, pp.99~107 (2015)
  58. Tsuda, Takeyuki, "Diasporic Return to the Ethnic Homeland: The Korean Diaspora in Comparative perspective", pp.35~54 (2019), Palgrave
  59. Van der Eist, Jacques, "Language and Identity in South Africa", Bulletines de l’Académie Royale de Belgique, 17(7-12), pp.386~397 (2006)
  60. Van Wyk, Barry, "South Africa-China Relations: A Partnership of Paradoxes", pp.263~280 (2021), Palgrave Macmillan
  61. Waldorff, Pétur, "Renegotiated (Post)Colonial Relations within the New Portuguese Migration to Angola", Africa Spectrum, 52(3), pp.55~80 (2017)
  62. Wang, Bingyu, "Emotions and Migration Aspirations: Western Scholars in China and the Navigation of Aspirational Possibilities", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(15), pp.3437~3454 (2021)
  63. White, Anne, "Polish Families and Migration since EU Accession" (2011), Policy Press
  64. White, Anne, "Polish Return and Double Return Migration", Europe-Asia Studies, 66(1), pp.25~49 (2014)
  65. Wissink, Marieke, "In Transit: Changing Social Networks of Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Turkey and Greece", Social Networks, 53, pp.30~41 (2018)
  66. Yap, Melanie, "Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa" (1996), Hong Kong University Press

관련 논문AI추천

[On this topic] Korean Migration in the Global South: Contextualizing Migration Trajectories and Complexities김지혜, 안연선한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2022 · 제62권 제4호African Refugee and Asylum Applicants in Korea: Current Status and ChallengesGHEBRUBETHELGHERIMA한국아프리카학회 · 한국아프리카 학회지2024 · 제72권 Work, Welfare Access and Social Exclusion for Immigrants in South Korea: New Empirical Evidence Focused on Seoul and Gyeong-gi Area홍이진다문화평화연구소 · 다문화와 평화2018 · 제12권 제1호Neoliberalization of the National Institutional Framework of Immigration Policies in the Era of Transnationalism: The Case of South Korea박경환한국도시지리학회 · 한국도시지리학회지2012 · 제15권 제1호중국 청도 한국인 교민사회에 대한 연구: 지구화 시대 초국적 이주의 구조적 유동성장수현중국학연구회 · 중국학연구2012 · 제62호Diaspora and (un)Making of Boundaries: The Case of Indonesian Immigrants in Wongok-Dong박광우한국동남아학회 · 동남아시아연구2016 · 제26권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (9건)

[On this topic] Korean Migration in the Global South: Contextualizing Migration Trajectories and Complexities안연선, 김지혜pp. 5-17Sojourning Korean Expatriate Families and the Ethnic Enclave in Hanoi김지훈, K.C. HO, 윤혜영pp. 18-47Adjusting to Slow Times and Happiness: South Koreans in MalaysiaGaik Cheng KHOOpp. 48-77Ethnic Resources Reviving: The Case of the Korean Ethnic Economy in Bom Retiro, São PauloDennis Woohyuk CHOIpp. 78-107Somewhere between Formal and Informal: Growth and Limits of Korean Wholesale Businesses in the Argentine Garment Industry김지혜pp. 108-136
원문 보기