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미주 한인노인의 심리적 고통에 종교가 미치는 영향

Religious Involvement and Psychological Distress Among Older Korean Immigrants in the United States

CHANG MIYA
사단법인 한국민족연구원 (Korea Research Center of Ethnology)|2019.03|민족연구 (Minjok Yeonku)|제73호|pp. 112-136|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.35431/MINJOK.73.5

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키워드

삶의 질Quality of life종교Religion인구사회학적 특성Psychological distress심리적 고통Socio-demographic characteristics한인노인 이민자Older Korean immigrant
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 미주 한인노인을 대상으로 인구사회학적 특성과 심리적 고통과의 관계를 알아보고 한인노인의 심리적 고통에 종교의 역할이 어떤 영향을 미치는지알아보고자 한다. 연구대상자는 Los Angeles county에 거주하는 한인노인들이며최종 연구대상자는 240명으로 정해졌다. 설문조사 시기는 2016년 11월부터 2017 년 1월까지 이루어졌다. 미주 한인노인의 심리적 고통을 살펴본 결과 약 13%가심리적 고통이 ‘심각함’으로 나타났다. 이원분석에서 인구사회학적 특성에 따라심리적 고통 정도를 분석한 결과는 나이, 교육정도, 혼인여부, 건강관련 요소, 한 달 수입, 주관적으로 느끼는 경제상태, 수입출처, 미국에 거주한 기간, 그리고종교는 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 그 외의 성별과, 영어의 숙련도는 통계적으로유의미하지 못했다. 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 나타난 결과는 열악한 인구사회학적인요소는 심리적 고통과 정적 상관 관계로 나타났으나, 종교는 심리적 고통을 완화시켜 주는 역할을 설명하는데 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 종교가 심리적 고통을완화해 주는 변인이 아니었다. 이러한 분석결과를 토대로 미주 한인노인의 심리적고통을 줄이기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and psychological distress and the effect of religion on psychological distress among older Korean immigrants in the United States. This study is based on primary data collected from self-administered surveys taken by 240 older Koreans (60 years to 79 years)in the United States. Data were collected from November 2016 to January 2017. About 13% of older Korean immigrants in the United States reported ‘severe’ psychological distress. Marital status and educational attainment, health status, overall financial status, and religion were statistically significantly associated with psychological distress, while gender and English proficiency were not significantly associated with psychological distress among older Korean immigrants in the United States. Results from hierarchal multivariate regression models indicated (1) experience of psychological distress were positively associated with negative socio-demographic characteristics; and (2) religious involvement did not buffered on psychological distress. Finally, the study results highlight several policies to reduce the risk of psychological distress among older Korean immigrants in the United States.

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