한국이민자들의 개인 영성이 그들의 정신 건강에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구, 우울과 불안을 위주로
Focusing on anxiety and depression, The relatinship between individuals’ spirituality and mental health for Korean immigrants
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이 논문은 미국에 사는 한국 이민자들의 영성(Spirituality)이 한국 이민자들이 겪는 가장 큰 어려움 중 하나인 정신 건강 문제에 미치는 영향을 그들의 우울과 불안을 통하여 연구한 글이다. 정신 건강 문제는 한국 이민자들이 이민자로서의 새로운 문화 적응 과정을 겪으며 경험하고 있는 중요한 문제 중 하나이다. 하지만 한국 이민자들은 정신 건강 문제의 유병률이 다른 이민자 공동체보다 높음에도 불구하고 다른 아시아 이민자들보다 정신 건강 서비스를 충분히 활용하지 못하고 있다. 이는 정신 건강 문제를 대함에 있어 낙인 문제와 수치심, 언어에 대한 장벽으로 인해 정신 건강 문제에 대한 적절한 지원을 받을 수 없기 때문이다. 이러한 상황에 놓인 한인 이민자들에게 이민교회는 그들이 도움을 받을 수 있는 가장 중요한 자원이 될 수 있다. 그러나 그동안의 연구들은 개인의 영성(spirituality)보다는 종교성(Religiousness)과 정신 건강과의 관계성에 초점을 맞췄기에 이 연구는 새로운 영성과 정신 건강에 관한 관계성을 확인함으로써 이민교회의 한인 이민 공동체를 향한 새로운 방향성을 제시한다. 이 연구는 횡단면 조사 설계(Cross-sectional survey design)를 사용하여 진행되었다. 이 연구는 익명의 온라인 설문 조사를 시행하여 얻은 총 328명의 한인 이민자들의 데이터를 이용하여 분석을 진행하였다. 이 연구에서는 기술통계분석(Descriptive analysis), 이변량 분석(Bivariate analysis) 및 다변량 분석(Multivariate analysis)을 사용했으며 그 결과는 한국 이민자 개인의 영성이 그들의 정신 건강 상태와 유의미한 관계가 있음을 보여준다. 연구 결과에 따르면 참여자의 높은 수준의 영성을 보여주는 참여자는 낮은 우울증과 불안 수준을 보여줬다. 하지만 이 연구에서 종교 행사의 참여도와 종교의 종류는 우울증과 불안 수준의 유의미한 예측 요인이 아닌 것으로 나왔다.
Abstract
This article examines the influence of spirituality of Korean immigrants living in the United States on mental health issue, one of the biggest challenges for Korean immigrants through their depression and anxiety. Mental health issues are one of the major issues that Korean immigrants experience as they go through the process of adapting to a new environment as immigrants. However, despite the higher prevalence of mental health issues among Korean immigrants compared to other immigrant communities, Korean immigrants do not utilize professional mental health services as much as other Asian immigrants. This is because they cannot receive proper support for mental health issues due to stigma, shame, and language barriers when dealing with mental health issues. For Korean immigrants experiencing mental health issues immigrant churches can be the most important resource for them to receive help. However, previous studies have focused on the relationship between religiousness and mental health rather than individual spirituality. This study suggests a new awareness for immigrant churches toward the Korean immigrant community by confirming the relationship between new spirituality and mental health. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey design. This study analyzed data from a total of 328 Korean immigrants obtained through an anonymous online survey. This study used descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. The results showed that the spirituality of Korean immigrants was significantly related to their mental health status. According to the results, participants who showed a high level of spirituality showed lower levels of depression and anxiety. However, in this study, the participation in religious services and the type of religion were not significant predictors of depression and anxiety levels.
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