신체장애인의 휠체어 사용에 대한 심리사회적 영향 연구
A Study of the Psychosocial Impact of Wheelchair Use on Physical Disabilities
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초록
이 연구는 현재 휠체어를 사용 중인 27명을 대상으로 채수영(2008)이 번안한 한국어판 PIADS를 적용하여 분석하였다. 대상자들은 평가지 작성을 위한 인지손상이 없는 자로, 설문에 동의한 자를 대상으로 하였다. 설문지는 자기-보고식의 설문으로 보조공학기기가 삶에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, 어떠한 느낌을 주는지에 대해 각 단어 또는 구문에 대해 자신의 느낌을 가장 잘 표현해주고 있다고 생각되어지는 칸에 표시를 하도록 하였으며, 기기를 사용하기 전 보다 얼마나 많은 영향을(긍정적 또는 부정적) 받았는지에 대해 각 점수의 칸에 표시하도록 하였다. 성별에 따른 심리사회적 영향은 남녀 모두 적응성 하위척도에서 1.94, 1.19로 높게 나타났으며, 연령별에 있어서 31세~40세의 연령에서 1.65, 1.90, 1.32로 높게 나타났고, 사용기간에 있어서는 3년 이상 사용자들이 1.40, 1.75, 1.12로 높은 점수를 보였다. 또한, PIADS의 점수 평균은 자기욕구 실현능력 하위척도에 대해 1.22, 적응성 하위척도에서 1.55, 자존감 하위척도에 대해 .95로 나타났다. 수동휠체어는 각각 .95, 1.23, .74, 전동휠체어는 1.40, 1.77, 1.09로 긍정적인 심리사회적 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 휠체어 사용에 대한 중요도 평균은 4.73으로 나타났다. 휠체어 사용기간에 따른 점수 평균은 1년 미만의 사용자의 경우 .46, .71, .25, 3년 이상의 사용자들은 1.40, 1.75, 1.12로 사용기간이 증가함에 따라 긍정적인 심리사회적 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 휠체어 사용이 신체장애인의 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여주며, 작업에 기초한 평가 및 치료와 관련된 모델과 결합하여 사용될 때 복잡한 재활 치료의 과정에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find out the quality of life and psychosocial impact of wheelchair using on persons with physical disabilities, applying Korean version of PIADS, Chae soo-young(2008) and utilize them for the assessment by wheelchair use in occupational therapy, assistive technology and vocational rehabilitation. 27 persons using wheelchair were analyzed by applying PIADS in Korean version for this study. The persons without cognition damage for writing the assessment paper were selected, who were listened to the procedure of questionnaire and agreed to the questionnaire. The persons marked in the blanks that were thought to express their feeling best for each word or sentence of the effect and feeling on life by assistive devices by the questionnaire in self-report style. They also marked in the blanks of the scores for positive or negative effect prior to use the devices. Psychosocial impact per gender was shown highly by 1.94, 1.19 in subscale of adaptability in male and female both, and also shown highly by 1.65, 1.90, and 1.32 in the age of 31 to 40 per age. For used period, users in 3 years and more showed high scores by 1.40, 1.75, and 1.12. Average scores of PIADS were shown by 1.22 in subscale of competence, 1.55 in subscale of adaptability, and .95, self-esteem. Scores of PIADS for manual wheelchair were shown by .95, 1.23, and .74, respectively, and power wheelchair shown by 1.40, 1.77, and 1.09. Significance average of wheelchair use was 4.73. Average scores between subscales of wheelchair used period were shown by .46, .71, and .25 for users in less than 1 year, and 1.40, 1.75, and 1.12 for users in 3 years and more; it means that positive psychosocial impact was given to the users in accordance with the used period. This study shows that the use of wheelchair has positive impact on the quality of life of physical disabilities, and it would be helpful to the process of complex when it is used in combination of the assessment based on occupation and the model related to therapy.
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