만성 신질환 환자에서의 갑상선 기능 저하증 빈도
Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
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목적: 만성 신장 질환에서 원발성 갑상선 질환(갑상선 기능 저하증, 갑상선 결절, 갑상선종, 갑상선암) 빈도가 정상인보다 높다는 사실은 여러 역학 조사에서 이미 밝혀진 바 있다. 하지만 아이오딘 과다 섭취국 중 하나인 한국에서 신장 기능과 원발성 갑상선 질환 빈도의 정확한 관계는 아직까지 연구된 바 없다. 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2010년 6월까지 국립중앙의료원 건강증진센터를 통해 검진 받은 2201명, 2008년 5월부터 2011년 5월까지 외래에서 진료를 보았던 투석을 요하지 않는 만성 신질환 환자 54명, 2010년 국립중앙의료원 인공 신장실에서 투석을 받고 있는 64명을 대상으로 하여 추정 사구체 여과율(MDRD-estimated glomerular filtration rate)에 따른 갑상선 기능 저하증의 빈도를 구하였다. 원발성 갑상선 기능 저하증과 신기능의 정확한 관계는 이변량 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 통하여 구하였다. 결과:명백한 갑상선 기능 저하증 빈도는 GFR > 90 mL/ min/1.73 m2 환자에서 0.5%, 투석을 요하는 만성 신부전 환자에서 6.3%로 증가하는 양상을 보였으며 또한 다변량 로지스틱 회귀 분석 결과 만성 신질환 환자에서 9.002의 오즈비를 보였다. 결론:명백한 갑상선 기능 저하증의 빈도는 투석을 요하는 신부전 환자에서 흔하며 신기능 감소에 따라 증가한다.
Abstract
Background/Aims: Primary thyroid disease is prevalent in chronic renal disease, especially in patients requiring chronic dialysis. However, the relationship between kidney function and the prevalence of primary thyroid disease has not been studied in Korea, a nation where the dietary iodine intake is excessive. Methods: Retrospective data from 2201 consecutive adult patients who visited a health promotion center over the last 5 years were analyzed; specifically, 54 patients with chronic kidney disease not requiring hemodialysis and 64 adults treated with hemodialysis. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent association between the prevalence of primary hypothyroidism and estimated GFR. Results: The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism increased from 0.5% at an estimated GFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 6.3% in end-stage renal disease requiring chronic dialysis (p < 0.001 for trend). Compared with participants with an estimated GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, those with an estimated GFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 had an increased odds of overt hypothyroidism after adjusting for age, gender, fasting blood glucose (FBS), and the total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Conclusions: These findings suggest that overt primary hypothyroidism is relatively common (6.3%) among persons with chronic kidney disease requiring chronic dialysis, and it is independently associated with a progressively lower estimated GFR. (Korean J Med 2011;81:334-339)
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