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장애인의 사회적 포함(Social Inclusion)의 의미에 관한 탐색적 고찰

Exploring the Meaning of Social Inclusion by People with Disabilities

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 장애인 당사자들의 주관적 관점에서 구성해 내는 사회적 포함이란 실재의 의미와 인식 등을 심층적으로 탐색하고 이해하는 데 있다. 이러한 목적을 수행하기 위해질적 연구방법을 채택하여 지체와 뇌병변, 청각장애, 시각장애인 34명을 대상으로 초점집단 면접을 6회 실시하였고 동시에 7명에 대한 개별 면접을 병행하였다. 이로부터 수집된맥락적 자료를 지속적으로 비교분석하여 당사자들이 구성해 내는 사회적 포함에 대한 다양한 의미와 구성요소 등을 고찰하였다. 이렇게 도출된 연구결과는 5개의 주제로 범주화되는데, 구체적으로 사회적 포함은 ‘동등한 권리와 물리적 접근이 확보된 삶’, ‘능동적 참여가이뤄지는 삶’, ‘관계 속에서 존재감을 인정받는 삶’, ‘장애차이에 대한 이해와 자기결정권을갖는 삶’, ‘스스로의 책임과 의무를 다하는 삶’으로 구성된다. 이러한 본 연구결과는 장애인의 완전참여와 사회적 포함을 지향하는 장애학과 장애정책의 방향성 설정, 사회서비스 개선방안 마련에 기초 자료를 제공하는 데 그 함의가 있다.

Abstract

This research aims to explore the meaning of social inclusion for people with disabilities from the constructivist perspective. To achieve this goal, individual interviews were conducted with 7 people and focus group interviews with 34 people. The types of the disabilities of the participants were varied including physical impairments, brain lesion, hearing or visual impairments. Using constant comparative analysis, the various meanings of social inclusion were derived from the interviews. As a result, five categories for social inclusion were identified: living ensured in both the equal right and physical access, living with positive participation in various activities, social existence within the context of the relationship with others, living with understanded disability differences and getting a self-determination, and living with undertaking of one's own obligation and responsibilities. The findings of this research can be used for developing the theory for the disability studies, disability policies and disability services for social inclusion.

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