기업명성, 제품판단 및 소비자적개심과 외국산 제품의 구매의도간의 구조적 관계: 국가친숙성과 소비자자민족중심주의 성향의 조절효과
A Study on the Structural Relationship among Corporate Reputation, Product Judgment, Consumer Animosity and Purchase of Foreign Products: Moderate Effects of Country Familiarity and Consumer Ethnocentrism
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본 연구의 목적은 외국산 제품의 판단 및 소비자적개심(역사적적개심, 경제적적개심)에 대한 기업명성의 역할과 이들 요인들이 소비자들의 구매행동에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 소비자들의 개인적 특성인 국가친숙성과 소비자자민족중심주의 성향에 따른 이들 간의 관계를 확인하는 것이다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해, 한국소비자들의 일본과 일본기업 그리고 일본제품에 대한 지각을 조사하였다. 일본은 역사적 사건으로 인해 한국소비자들이 적개심을 가지고 있는 국가일 뿐만 아니라 명성이 높은 기업들이 많이 있어 본 연구의 대상으로 적합한 것으로 판단하였다. 분석결과, 일본기업의 명성은 한국소비자들의 일본에 대한 적개심을 완화시켜주고 일본산 제품판단에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인임이 밝혀졌다. 그리고 일본에 대한 역사적적개심과 경제적적개심 모두 일본산 제품의 구매의도에 부정적 영향을 미친다는 것이 확인되었다. 또한 국가친숙성은 기업명성과 역사적적개심 그리고 구매의도간의 관계에서만 조절역할을 하였으며, 소비자자민족중심주의 성향은 제품판단과 구매의도 간의 관계에서만 조절역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 글로벌 경쟁 환경에서 한국소비자들의 외국기업/제품에 대한 행동을 이해하게 해주며 따라서 글로벌 기업들이 마케팅전략을 수립하기 위한 핵심요인을 확인하는 데 중요한 단서로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to verify the impact of corporate reputation on the product judgment and consumer animosity (historical animosity and economic animosity) toward the imported products and how these factors affect consumers' purchase activities, and to examine the moderating effects of country familiarity and consumer ethnocentrism on their relationships. For this purpose, Korean consumers' perception toward Japan was empirically studied. It was determined that Japan is suitable for this study because many Korean consumers are antagonistic to Japan due to the historical background of Korea and Japan, and Japan has many companies with high reputation. It was found that Japanese companies' reputation alleviates Korean consumers' animosity toward Japan and has positive impact on their judgment of Japanese products. Also, both historical and economic animosity toward Japan contribute negative influence on the purchase of Japanese products. Country familiarity has moderate effect on corporate reputation, historical animosity, and purchase decision only, and consumer ethnocentrism had moderate effect on product judgment and purchase decision only. The findings of this study provide valuable evidence to verify the key factors for global companies to understand Korean consumers' perception of foreign companies/products and to establish appropriate marketing strategies in the Korean market.
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