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현미부수체 변이표현형 자궁내막암의 표적 유전자 동정

Identification of Target Genes in the Endometrial Carcinomas with Microsatellite Mutator Phenotype

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초록

목적: 자궁내막암은 유전적으로 염색체 불안정형 유형과 현미부수체 변이표현형의 두 가지 유전체 유형이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 변이표현형 종양은 부적합하게 결합된 DNA 교정 유전자들의 이상에 의해 발생하며, 이후 단백질 지령부위에 현미부수체를 가진 종양억제 유전자나, 세포고사 연관 유전자 또는 DNA 복구 유전자들과 같은 암 연관 유전자들에서 현미부수체 부위의 체이동 돌연변이가 축적되어 암이 진행한다고 믿어진다. 따라서 변이표현형 자궁내막암의 특이 표적 유전자를 찾아내고 이들의 체이동 돌연변이를 확인하는 것은 변이표현형 자궁내막암의 분자유전학적 병인을 밝히는 중요한 작업이다. 연구 방법: 본 연구에서는 34예의 자궁내막암과 4예의 변이표현형 자궁내막암 세포주를 대상으로 하여 변이표현형 자궁내막암을 분류하고 이들에서 11개의 후보 표적 유전자들에 대한 체이동 돌연변이를 조사하였다. 결과: 변이표현형 자궁내막암은 총 34예의 자궁내막암 중 6예에서 발견되었다. 연구에 포함된 11개의 후보 표적 유전자들 중 변이표현형 자궁내막암에서 흔히 발견된 체이동 돌연변이는 TAF1B (66.7%), HT001 (50%), SLC23A1 (50%) 및 ACVRⅡ (50%)였으며, 나머지 7개 유전자들의 돌연변이 빈도는 상대적으로 매우 낮았다. 표적유전자들의 체이동 돌연변이를 변이표현형 자궁내막암 조직과 세포주에서 비교하여 본 결과 변이표현형 자궁내막암 세포주에서의 빈도가 매우 높았다. 결론: 이상의 연구 결과를 종합하면 본 연구에서는 변이표현형 자궁내막암에 특이한 표적 유전자들을 동정하였으며, 이러한 유전자들의 돌연변이는 암 진행에 따라 축적되어 진행한다고 결론지었다.

Abstract

Objective: Recent molecular genetic studies have revealed that two major types of genomic instabilities, chromosomal instability and microsatellite instability (MSI), exist in the endometrial carcinomas. Tumors with microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) are caused by defects in DNA mismatch repair genes. MMP tumors are believed to progress by accumulating frameshift mutations in coding microsatellite sequences of various cancer related genes including tumor suppressor genes, apoptosis related genes and DNA repair genes. Thus, the identification of the specific target genes in the MMP endometrial carcinomas is important for the elucidation of molecular pathogenesis of endometrial carcinomas. Methods: We classified the MMP endometrial carcinomas and evaluated the frameshift mutations of the 11 genes containing coding microsatellite sequences by using 34 endometrial carcinomas and 4 MMP endometrial carcinoma cell lines. Results: MSI was found in 6 of 34 endometrial carcinomas. In the endometrial carcinoma tissues, frequent mutations were found in TAF1B (68%), HT001 (50%), SLC23A1 (50%) and ACVRⅡ (50%) in the MMP endometrial carcinoma tissues. The other 7 genes were infrequently mutated. Mutations of these target genes were more frequent in MMP endometrial carcinoma cell lines. Conclusion: we identified specific target genes in MMP endometrial carcinomas. These data demonstrate the mechanism of tumor progression in the MMP endometrial carcinomas.

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