Immune Response and the Tumor Microenvironment: How They Communicate to Regulate Gastric Cancer
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Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancerrelateddeath in the world. A growing body of evidence indicatesthat inflammation is closely associated with the initiation,progression, and metastasis of many tumors, includingthose of gastric cancer. In addition, approximately 60% ofthe world’s population is colonized by Helicobacter pylori,which accounts for more than 50% of gastric cancers. Whilethe role of inflammation in intestinal and colonic cancers isrelatively well defined, its role in stomach neoplasia is stillunclear because of the limited access of pathogens to theacidic environment and the technical difficulties isolating andcharacterizing immune cells in the stomach, especially inanimal models. In this review, we will provide recent updatesaddressing how inflammation is involved in gastric malignancies,and what immune characteristics regulate the pathogenesisof stomach cancer. Also, we will discuss potentialtherapeutics that target the immune system for the efficienttreatment of gastric cancer.
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancerrelateddeath in the world. A growing body of evidence indicatesthat inflammation is closely associated with the initiation,progression, and metastasis of many tumors, includingthose of gastric cancer. In addition, approximately 60% ofthe world’s population is colonized by Helicobacter pylori,which accounts for more than 50% of gastric cancers. Whilethe role of inflammation in intestinal and colonic cancers isrelatively well defined, its role in stomach neoplasia is stillunclear because of the limited access of pathogens to theacidic environment and the technical difficulties isolating andcharacterizing immune cells in the stomach, especially inanimal models. In this review, we will provide recent updatesaddressing how inflammation is involved in gastric malignancies,and what immune characteristics regulate the pathogenesisof stomach cancer. Also, we will discuss potentialtherapeutics that target the immune system for the efficienttreatment of gastric cancer.
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