기억하기, 잊기, 그리고 손바닥 뒤집기: 존 드라이든과 왕정복고
Remembering, Forgetting, and Turning One’s Coat: John Dryden and the Restoration
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This paper investigates the constitutive and ideological nature of memory, examining how John Dryden tried to be loyal to the “present moment” through re-constituting the memory of the past in his panegyrics on the Restoration in which the heroes of yesterday came to be regicides and the exile of yesterday came to be king. For this purpose, this paper focuses on John Dryden’s three Restoration panegyrics—that is, “Heroique Stanzas to the Glorious Memory of Cromwell” (1659), Astraea Redux (1660), and Annus Mirabilis (1666)—examining how Dryden serves his purpose of the moment through the deft manipulation of the memory of the immediate past. First, this paper inspects how Dryden serves the ideology of the Protectorate by writing “Heroique Stanzas to the Glorious Memory of Cromwell” on the death of the late Protector of the Republican England, Oliver Cromwell. In so doing, this paper points to the fact that Dryden always stands on the side of peace, stability, and the wealth based on trade regardless of the political credo of the ruler of the moment. In interpreting Astraea Redux, the poem written for the celebration of Charles II’s return to England and his coronation as a restored king, this paper investigates how Dryden rewrites the past for his purpose of the moment, disfiguring the past when Oliver Cromwell ruled England as the Protector, idealizing Charles I's reign that was once heavily criticized in the Interregnum, and transferring all the virtues of famous heroes to Charles II. Finally, this paper examines how Dryden manipulates the memory of the past in Annus Mirabilis to turn the disastrous year of 1666 into the year of wonder. In so doing, this paper points to the masterful connection of the description of the naval warfare in the second Anglo-Dutch war and that of the Great Fire of London through which the catastrophic events of 1666 are metamorphosed into the wonders that justify Charles II’s reign as the restored king.
Abstract
This paper investigates the constitutive and ideological nature of memory, examining how John Dryden tried to be loyal to the “present moment” through re-constituting the memory of the past in his panegyrics on the Restoration in which the heroes of yesterday came to be regicides and the exile of yesterday came to be king. For this purpose, this paper focuses on John Dryden’s three Restoration panegyrics—that is, “Heroique Stanzas to the Glorious Memory of Cromwell” (1659), Astraea Redux (1660), and Annus Mirabilis (1666)—examining how Dryden serves his purpose of the moment through the deft manipulation of the memory of the immediate past. First, this paper inspects how Dryden serves the ideology of the Protectorate by writing “Heroique Stanzas to the Glorious Memory of Cromwell” on the death of the late Protector of the Republican England, Oliver Cromwell. In so doing, this paper points to the fact that Dryden always stands on the side of peace, stability, and the wealth based on trade regardless of the political credo of the ruler of the moment. In interpreting Astraea Redux, the poem written for the celebration of Charles II’s return to England and his coronation as a restored king, this paper investigates how Dryden rewrites the past for his purpose of the moment, disfiguring the past when Oliver Cromwell ruled England as the Protector, idealizing Charles I's reign that was once heavily criticized in the Interregnum, and transferring all the virtues of famous heroes to Charles II. Finally, this paper examines how Dryden manipulates the memory of the past in Annus Mirabilis to turn the disastrous year of 1666 into the year of wonder. In so doing, this paper points to the masterful connection of the description of the naval warfare in the second Anglo-Dutch war and that of the Great Fire of London through which the catastrophic events of 1666 are metamorphosed into the wonders that justify Charles II’s reign as the restored king.
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