호라티우스풍의 송가의 장르와 마블의 정치사상

Abstract

Andrew Marvell is appraised to be one of the most outstanding poet of the 17th century. His poem, “An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland” is said to be one of the best English poems written on political matters. This paper aims to highlight Marvell’s response on English Revolution, his ambiguous yet balanced attitude on Cromwell and republicanism through “An Horatian Ode.” It focuses on subjects such as why Marvell particularly chose ode as the genre and his assessment on Cromwell and Charles I. It also deals with the questions of how to interpret the poem’s ambivalent expressions and how Marvell’s political ideas on republicanism and monarchy are reflected in his work. It is notable that Marvell also wrote a number of pastoral poems in addition to those on the revolution, even around the time of Cromwell’s regime. This can be considered as reflecting Marvell’s inner dilemma regarding his views towards Cromwell. The fact that nearly half of Marvell’s poetry written during the revolution era are actually silent on the revolution could suggest that Marvell may have consciously avoided writing about the revolution. By doing so, Marvell deliberately minimized his involvement with the republican government and emphasized his standpoint as a pragmatic loyalist rather than a steadfast republican. In this context, Marvell’s Horation Ode is open to diverse interpretations. Depending on the political viewpoint a reader takes on, it is a satirical piece on Cromwell to some, a praise of Cromwell to others, and even an elegy for Charles I to the rest. Pursuing a balanced stance as both a republican and a royalist in the turbulent era, Marvell is at times evaluated as an opportunist, but also at other times as a balanced politician.