1902년 皇帝御極 40년 望六旬 稱慶禮式과 皇都 정비 - 대한제국의 ‘皇都’ 구상에 담긴 만국공법적 제국과 동양적 제국의 이중 表象 -

Abstract

After the First Sino~Japanese War, Sino~centric East Asian world order was practically destroyed. However, the Sinocentrism that was built around the existing world order did not immediately destroyed. Enlightenment group regime will establish the phase of the Great Joseon only in the system of the Elements of international law, but Emperor Kojong could not do that. After opening ports, King Kojong has adopted westernization policy continually, but the enlightenment group assumed hostile attitude against him. King Kojong has to embrace anti~western confucian group despite of his real thoughts. There are many opponents against the name of Imperial among them, but some of them who insist that Joseon~centrism could be supporters of King. And the world order which dominated by the system of the Elements of international laws was strange for the vast majority of people, too. It is useful for King Kojong that his people have pride of imperial ones, which would have supported to strengthen his sovereignty. After the Sino~Japanese war and King's escape to Russian Embassy, the international phase of the Great Joseon has fallen down too. The superpowers didn't think that Korea could maintain her independence by herself. Emperor Kojong and his aides have well known those situation. It was necessary for them that not only the power of military and industry, but also the symbols of civilization. They would make some evidences of civilization in the space of Seoul and open them to the public at the anniversary of Emperor Kojong's 40th enthronement and 51th birthday. The Great Han Empire had to make and possess dual symbols, one for her independence, the other for Emperor's autocracy. For the former, They were represented by western and eastern style buildings and constructs each. The needs of authority for dual symbols was realized on the space of Seoul capital, and then the dual structures and landscapes were formed in Seoul. Around the anniversary, many western style buildings were constructed in Kyeongwoon~gung, the main palace of the Great Han Empire and the eastward simple commercial street Jongno was changed to the main symbolic street. The western and eastern style buildings on the each side of this street which were constructed by the Emperor's authority, have represented that the dual phase of the Great Han Empire, not only the International one which was authorized by international standard, but also the traditional one which was authorized by Korean's traditional thoughts.