미국의 중국에 대한 인권정책 연구

Abstract

This paper explores the development of the US policies towards Chinese human rights problems from the period of the 1970s to the current Bush administration. A special attention is given to the dynamics of the three major national interests and five major actors in forming the human rights foreign policy. While Human rights issues is supposed to be a leading principle in the US foreign policies based upon the US's founding ideology, it used to be surpassed by the national securities and economic interest group pressure. The dominant interest group in forming the US's human rights polices towards China is the business group. The business group played a determining role in ending linkage between the MFN and Chinese human rights issues as well as in approving the PNTR to China. After China is given the PNTR and entered the WTO, the leverage of human rights issues of China has considerably weakened. However, the issue has continued to feature in the US's policies towards China. The US human rights policy towards China has almost entirely relied on a mixture of exhortation and verbal shaming and pursuing a UNCHR resolution against Chinese human rights violations. This paper also analyzes the rising nationalist mood in China as a reaction of the US human rights policies toward China.