도봉산 천축사 목조삼존불좌상 연구

Abstract

This paper is to scrutinize Cheonchuksa wood seated Buddha Triad at Mt.Dobong based on votive inscriptions, which was found in these Buddha Triad. Through the inspection for listing tangible cultural heritage of Seoul Metropolitan City, two different kinds of votive inscriptions were found. The first inscription is for re-glittering votive inscription for Cheonchuksa wood seated Buddha Triad, and the second one is not related to Cheonchuksa Buddha Triad. Wood seated triad are mid-size sculptures. The heads of Buddha Triad are slightly bent forward. Its right hand points downward over the right leg and its left hand thumb touches own the middle finger. One side of the outer robe covers its right shoulder and right elbow and extend form its abdomen to left shoulder. Another side of the robe overlays its left shoulder and wraps the lower half of the body. The inner robe covers the statue's chest. The two votive inscriptions, unveiled from inside of Buddha Triad, do not give a specific information of production date about Cheonchuksa seated Buddha Triad. The first inscription is for re-glittering record of Nojeoksa at Mt. Bukhan in 1713. The second one is for rendering Buddha images of Seobongsa at Mt. Bukhan in 1735. However, one phrase "these Buddha Triad were rendered between 1573 and 1619" in 1713 votive inscription provides a clue to estimate Cheonchuksa seated Buddha Triad production date. Based on formal analysis of Cheonchuksa Buddha traid, the monk sculptor, who created this Buddha images, can be Gakmin or one of members of Gakmin school. The Gakmin's activities are recorded in various temples history. He was a gold patron for rendering Wibongsa four standing bodhisattva at Jeonju in 1605. He created Wood seated Buddhas of Three Ages Donghaksa at Gongju in 1606 and Buddha Triad Songgwangsa at Suncheon in 1614. Based on Gakmin's Buddha images' formal analysis, Munsusa wood seated Buddha at Gimgea and Sangjusa wood seated Buddha Triad share remarkable similarities to Cheonchuksa Buddha Triad. In this paper, we have explored the possibility that Cheonchuksa Buddha Triad can be the oldest the late Joseon dynasty Buddha image after Japanese Invation(1592-1598) in Seoul Metropolitan Area. Through the re-glittering votive inscription, these Buddha triad was originally enshrined in Seobongsa at Mt.Bukhan. However, Buddha triad moved to Heungcheonsa, Seoul and then finally has stayed in present temple, Chenchuksa.